中国产业部门的低碳贸易竞争力指数测度与评估  

Measurement and Assessment of Low-Carbon Trade Competitiveness Index of Chinese Industrial Sectors

作　　者：佟家栋[1] 冯祥玉 Tong Jia-dong;Feng Xiang-yu

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济学家》2022年第3期43-53,共11页Economist

摘　　要：全球气候变化治理脚步不断加快,低碳经济时代已随之而来。在低碳经济背景下,各国碳减排的政策目标将会对全球贸易格局的发展产生影响,低碳贸易竞争力将作为一项贸易禀赋影响贸易格局。然而,目前针对低碳背景下各行业低碳贸易竞争力的研究并不多,尤其是缺乏连续年度的分析。本文对中国17个产业部门2007—2020年间的低碳贸易竞争力指数进行了连续测度,描绘了各产业部门低碳贸易竞争力指数的特点及发展趋势。结合目前中国各产业部门的出口情况,进行了产业部门的“低碳禀赋”匹配分析。采用模拟分析的方法,研究了能源结构调整对各产业部门出口额的拉动作用。研究结果表明:中国的总体低碳贸易竞争力不高,低碳贸易竞争力具有高比较优势的产业部门集中在轻工业,如服装、木材、纺织等部门。冶金行业、能源行业的低碳贸易竞争力处于比较劣势。总体上,中国产业部门的低碳贸易竞争力与其出口占比呈现较好的一致性。在纺织业、能源行业和金属冶炼及压延加工业、金属制品业开展清洁能源改革,会对中国总出口贸易额的增长带来比较明显的推动作用。The pace of global climate change governance is accelerating, and the era of low-carbon economy is coming. In the context of a low-carbon economy, the carbon emission reduction policy goals of various countries will have an impact on the development of the global trade pattern, and low-carbon trade competitiveness will affect the trade pattern as a trade endowment.However, there are few researches on the competitiveness of low-carbon trade in various industries under the low-carbon background, especially the lack of analysis of consecutive years. This paper continuously measures the low-carbon trade competitiveness index of 17 industrial sectors in China from 2007 to 2020, and describes the characteristics and development trends of the low-carbon trade competitiveness index of each industrial sector. Combined with the current export situation of China’s various industrial sectors, the matching analysis of "low carbon endowment" of industrial sectors is carried out. This paper adopts the method of simulation analysis to study the pulling effect of energy structure adjustment on the export value of various industrial sectors. The research results show that China’s overall low-carbon trade competitiveness is not high, and the industrial sectors with high comparative advantages in low-carbon trade competitiveness are concentrated in light industry, such as clothing, wood,textile and other sectors. The low-carbon trade competitiveness of the metallurgical industry and the energy industry is at a comparative disadvantage. In general, the low-carbon trade competitiveness of China’s industrial sectors is in good agreement with its export share. Carrying out clean energy reforms in the textile industry, energy industry, metal smelting and rolling processing industry, and metal products industry will bring a relatively obvious boost to the growth of China’s total export trade.

关 键 词：低碳经济 低碳贸易竞争力 碳减排 

分 类 号：F74[经济管理—国际贸易]