中国新石器时代的石叶技术——汉水中游仰韶文化石叶石镞  

The Blade Technology in Neolithic China:The Yangshao Blade and Stone Arrowheads in Middle Han River Valley

作　　者：张弛[1] ZHANG Chi(Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国考古学研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《江汉考古》2021年第6期71-78,共8页Jianghan Archaeology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划:“长江流域文明进程研究”(2020YFC1521603)资助。

摘　　要：汉水中游有多个遗址和地点采集到了大量的石叶技术石制品,包括石叶、石叶石核、修理石叶、刮削器、凹缺器、石镞、锯齿刃器、石刀、锥钻、矛头和磨制石叶石刀等多种,这套器物不同于目前已知的旧石器时代石叶技术产品。在淅川下王岗和邓州八里岗遗址发掘的仰韶文化早中期文化层、灰坑和墓葬中出土过百余件石叶石镞,无论从石料、石叶技术、修整和产品形态上看均与采集获得的石叶石镞一样,而其他采集石叶制品也多出于新石器时代堆积物中,因此可以证明汉水中游石叶技术制品属于新石器时代仰韶文化时期。这说明欧亚大陆东部石叶技术同样延续到了新石器时代,年代可以晚到仰韶文化时期,往南到达了汉水中游地区。Large quantities of lithics manufactured by the blade technology have been unearthed from multiple localities and sites in the middle Han River valley. The lithics consist of blades, cores,modified blades, scrapers, notched tools, arrowheads, saw-toothed bladed tools, knives, drilling awls,spearheads, and polished blades and knives. The combination of lithics are incompatible with other lithics manufactured elsewhere by the blade technology. Archaeologists unearthed over one hundred blades and arrowheads from the early to middle Yangshao culture strata, ash pits, or tombs at the Xiawanggang site in Xichuan and the Baligang site in Dengzhou. Judging from the raw materials, blade technology, modifications, and lithic morphology, we can conclude a close relation with the blades and arrowheads from the survey collections. Other lithics obtained from surface collections are also often noticed in Neolithic remains. Therefore, we propose that the blade technology in the Han River valley was related to the Yangshao culture period of the Neolithic times. We suggest that the blade technology in eastern part of the continental Eurasia persisted into the Neolithic times, used as late as in the Yangshao culture period and its presence identified in the middle Han River valley.

关 键 词：汉水中游 仰韶文化 石叶技术 石叶石镞 

分 类 号：K871.13[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]