“忘适”之自然——苏轼“自然”文艺观与创作的文体学考察  

"Forget to Conform to Nature":A Stylistic Study of Su Shi's View of"Natural"Literature and Art and His Creation

作　　者：王佳[1] 崔德全 WANG Jia;CUI Dequan(School of Chinese Language and Literature, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《信阳师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第2期120-129,共10页Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(18ZDA236);国家社科基金青年项目(20CZW001);陕西师范大学博士研究生自由探索项目(2019TS116)。

摘　　要：苏轼“自然”文艺观与创作中“自然”与“经营”的矛盾一直引人关注,但从文体角度的讨论则较为少见。文章运用现代文体学方法,从形式机制、风格形态、哲学意味三个层面,考察苏轼“自然”之文的形式与意味。苏轼的“自然”文体是一种表现生命本质的文本样式,在体制体式上表现为乘一总万、以意摄法;在风格形态上将豪放、清旷、枯澹三种元素历史性地融入“自然”;在思维和实践方式上折射出应物而变、以物为乐的感性观照和“无可无不可”的游世态度。苏轼的“自然”之文经营有方,借用万物众法以益得道为文,不离自性而得神通,达到“忘适”之自然。Su Shi's view of"nature"literature and art and the contradiction between"nature"and"management"in his creation have always been discussed,but there is little research from the perspective of stylistic form and meaning.Using the stylistic composition method of modern stylistics,this paper investigates the artistic form and aesthetic subject spirit of Su Shi's"natural"writings,which involves three levels:formal mechanism,style form and philosophical meaning.It is found that Su Shi's"natural"style is a text style that expresses the essence of life.In terms of system and style,it is expressed as multiplying ten thousand,taking the method of meaning.In the style form,three elements of forthright,indifference and tranquility are historically integrated into"nature",resulting in a tension style;the way of thinking and practice reflects the perceptual observation of changing according to things and taking things as fun,and the inevitable worldly attitude.It is concluded that the"nature"in Su Shi's article is the"nature"of management.By borrowing the method of all things,we can finally achieve the nature of forgetting the right.

关 键 词：有意味的形式 苏轼 “自然”文艺观 文体 应物 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]