通用汽车第3代DEXOS1发动机油规格解析  

Analysis on the Third-generation DEXOS1 Engine Oil Specification of General Motors

作　　者：李程 Li Cheng(Beijing Research Institute of Sinopec Lubricant Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化润滑油有限公司北京研究院,北京100085

出　　处：《合成润滑材料》2022年第1期49-54,共6页Synthetic Lubricants

摘　　要：汽车发动机技术的不断进步对发动机油提出了越来越高的要求,促进了发动机油规格的不断发展。国际上主流的汽车制造商结合自身发动机的技术特点也制定了各具特点的发动机油规格并不断更新。通用汽车(GM)于2009年5月发布了第1代DEXOS1发动机油规格,2015年6月发布了第2代DEXOS1发动机油规格,2021年4月发布了第3代DEXOS1发动机油规格,并要求在2022年9月1日实施。为此从发动机油的黏温特性,橡胶相容性,理化性能,台架试验及主要特点等方面对GM第3代DEXOS1发动机油规格进行了解析。第3代DEXOS1规格更加关注发动机油的低温泵送性能,蒸发性能及基础油的品质,对橡胶相容性的评估更为全面,对发动机油抗氧化性能的要求更高,同时更新了评价发动机油在涡轮增压器上结焦趋势的台架试验,更新了燃油经济性和低速早燃(LSPI)评价方法。尽管第3代DEXOS1规格在磨损保护和油泥控制方面稍有不足,但从综合性能来看,第3代DEXOS1规格仍然是一个很全面且很出色的发动机油规格。Higher and higher requirements for engine oil was put forward with the continuous progress of automobile engine technology,which promoted the continuous development of engine oil specifications.The international mainstream automobile manufacturers had also formulated their own engine oil specifications and constantly updated them in combination with their own engine technical characteristics.The first generation DEXOS1 engine oil specification was released in May 2009 by General Motors(GM),the second generation DEXOS1 engine oil specification in June 2015,and the third generation DEXOS1 engine oil specification in April 2021,which was required to be implemented on September 1,2022.Therefore,the specification of GM the 3rd generation DEXOS1 engine oil was analyzed from the aspects of viscosity-temperature characteristics,elastomers compatibility,physicochemical properties,bench test and main characteristics of engine oil.The low-temperature pumping performance,evaporation performance and base Stock quality of engine oil was paid more attention in the 3rd generation DEXOS1 specification.It had a more comprehensive evaluation of elastomers compatibility and higher requirements for the oxidation resistance of engine oil.At the same time,the bench test to evaluate the coking trend of engine oil on turbocharger was updated,and the evaluation methods of fuel economy and lowspeed pre-ignition(LSPI)were updated.Although the 3rd generation specification DEXOS1 had some deficiencies in wear protection and sludge control.From the perspective of comprehensive performance,the 3rd generation DEXOS1 specification was still a very comprehensive and excellent engine oil specification.

关 键 词：黏温特性 橡胶相容性 理化性能 台架试验 

分 类 号：TE626.32[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]