县级基层护士职业倦怠状况及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the status and influencing factors of job burnout of county-level primary nurses

作　　者：郭鸿轩 宋东峰[1] 张天布[1] GUO Hongxuan;SONG Dongfeng;ZHANG Tianbu(Psychology Department,Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital,Xi'an 710068,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省人民医院心理科,陕西西安710068

出　　处：《临床医学研究与实践》2022年第9期25-29,共5页Clinical Research and Practice

摘　　要：目的分析某县基层护士的职业倦怠状况及影响因素。方法选取某县医院护士507人,采用职业倦怠量表通用版(MBI-GS)、患者健康问卷抑郁症状群量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、中文版知觉压力量表(CPSS)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)进行横断面调查;比较不同人口学特征护士的职业倦怠情况,采用多元线性回归分析基层护士职业倦怠的影响因素。结果基层护士在职业倦怠得分及情绪衰竭、玩世不恭、成就感低落维度均处于中度倦怠水平。不同年龄护士的玩世不恭评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同每日工作时长、月收入、PHQ-9评分、GAD-7评分、GSES评分护士的MBS-GS、情绪衰竭、玩世不恭、成就感低落评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同CPSS评分护士的MBS-GS、情绪衰竭、玩世不恭评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归显示,每日工作时长、月收入和重度抑郁为基层护士职业倦怠的主要影响因素(P<0.01)。结论基层护士职业倦怠现象较普遍,且伴随明显的情绪异常、知觉压力高和自我效能感降低,每日工作时长、月收入和重度抑郁是基层护士职业倦怠的主要影响因素,需要对基层护士进行心理减压和社会支持。Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of job burnout of primary nurses in a county.Methods A total of 507 nurses in a primary hospital were selected.The maslach burnout inventory general survey(MBI-GS),patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),generalized anxiety disorder-7(GAD-7),Chinese perceived stress scale(CPSS)and general self-efficacy scale(GSES)were used for cross sectional survery.The job burnout of nurses with different demographic characteristics was compared,and the influencing factors of job burnout of primary nurses were analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results The job burnout score,emotional exhaustion,cynicism and reduced personal accomplishments of primary nurses were at the moderate level of burnout.There was significant difference in cynicism score among nurses of different ages(P<0.05);there were significant differences in MBS-GS,emotional exhaustion,cynicism and reduced personal accomplishments scores among nurses with different daily working hours,monthly income,PHQ-9 score,GAD-7 score and GSES score(P<0.05);there were significant differences in MBS-GS,emotional exhaustion,cynicism scores among nurses with different CPSS score(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression showed that daily working hours,monthly income and severe depression were the main influencing factors of job burnout of primary nurses(P<0.01).Conclusion The phenomenon of job burnout is common among primary nurses,and it is accompanied by obvious emotional abnormality,high perceived pressure and low self-efficacy.The daily working hours,monthly income and severe depression are the main influencing factors of job burnout of primary nurses.It is necessary to carry out psychological decompression and social support for primary nurses.

关 键 词：基层护士 职业倦怠 情绪 知觉压力 自我效能感 

分 类 号：R471[医药卫生—护理学]