离子推力器三栅极组件热形变仿真分析及试验研究  

Simulation and Experimental on Thermal Deformation of Tri-grid Assembly of Ion Thruster

作　　者：祁小峰 顾左[1] 代鹏[1] 李兴坤[1] 李贺 QI Xiaofeng;GU Zuo;DAI Peng;LI Xingkun;LI He(Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory,Lanzhou Institute of Physics,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州空间技术物理研究所真空技术与物理重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《真空与低温》2022年第2期219-228,共10页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61901204)。

摘　　要：栅极组件是离子推力器束流引出、加速和聚焦的核心部件。推力器工作过程中栅极组件的热形变是影响离子推力器工作性能和寿命的关键因素之一。通过建立栅极组件的结构等效模型,模拟了栅极组件的温度分布,运用有限元软件绘制出同一时刻栅极组件表面不同位置沿着径向坐标热形变位移曲线,分别计算出栅极组件中心点处屏栅-加速栅、加速-减速栅极间距在启动过程中随时间的变化量,用非接触光学测量方法对仿真模型进行了验证。试验结果与仿真结果有很好的一致性,在一定程度反映了栅极组件热态栅间距与冷态栅间距的关系,有助于对栅极溅射腐蚀、栅极形变和非预期性击穿等问题的研究。Grid assembly is the core component of ion thruster beam extraction,acceleration and focusing,and its thermal deformation in the process of thruster operation is one of the key factors affecting the performance and service life of ion thruster.In this paper,the structural equivalent model of the grid assembly is established,and the temperature distribution of the grid assembly is simulated.The finite element software is used to calculate and draw the change curve of thermal deformation displacement of the grid assembly along radial coordinates at different positions on the grid surface at the same time.The change trend of grid spacing between screen grid-accelerating grid and accelerating-decelerating grid at the center of the grid assembly during the starting process is studied,and the simulation model is verified by non-contact optical measurement method.The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results.To some extent,it reflects the relationship between the hot grid gap and the cold grid gap of the grid assembly,which is helpful for the future research of grid sputtering corrosion,grid deformation and unexpected breakdown.

关 键 词：离子推力器 栅极组件 热形变 栅间距测量 

分 类 号：V439.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]