基于负载预测的车联网信道拥塞控制策略  

Congestion control strategy of VANET channel based on load prediction

作　　者：杨戈[1,2] 朱永豪 Yang Ge;Zhu Yonghao(Key Laboratory of Intelligent Multimedia Technology,Beijing Normal University(Zhuhai Campus),Zhuhai 519087,China;Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai 519087,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学珠海分校智能多媒体技术重点实验室,广东珠海519087 [2]北京师范大学自然科学高等研究院,广东珠海519087

出　　处：《电子技术应用》2022年第3期64-67,72,共5页Application of Electronic Technique

基　　金：广东高校省级重大科研项目(2019KZDXM015,2020ZDZX3058);广东省学科建设专项资金(2013WYXM0122);校级智能多媒体技术重点实验室(201762005);校级教学团队(202012);校级课程思政(201932);2020年广东省教改项目(655)。

摘　　要：在车联网中,过高的车辆密度会造成信道拥塞,信道拥塞的发生会严重影响协同车辆安全系统的性能。针对此问题,设计实现了一种基于车联网信道负载预测的拥塞控制策略(Congestion Control Strategy based on Channel Load Prediction,C2SLP)。该策略分为3个模块,首先使用载波侦听多址访问协议中的检测功能获取信道闲忙状态进行负载评估,然后将所得结果代入自回归移动平均模型(Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average,ARIMA)对下一时刻的信道负载值进行预测,最后将所得负载预测值与预设的标准值进行比较,根据对比结果使用功率控制算法调整传输功率,实现提前避免信道拥塞。仿真实验结果表明,C2SLP将信道占有率稳定在0.6左右,传输时延稳定在30 ms左右,明显优于UBRCC算法,C2SLP在控制信道拥塞的同时有效减少传输时延,确保数据包可靠发送,满足车辆安全应用需求。In the VANET,excessively high vehicle density will cause channel congestion,and the occurrence of channel congestion will seriously affect the performance of the cooperative vehicle safety system.Aiming at this problem,a C2SLP congestion control strategy based on the prediction of vehicle network channel load is designed.The strategy is divided into three steps.Firstly,use the detection function in the carrier-sensing multiple access protocol to obtain the busy and busy status of the channel,and perform load evaluation according to the proportion of the busy time of the channel.Then the obtained results are substituted into the autoregressive moving average model to predict the next channel load value at the moment.Finally the obtained load prediction value is compared with the preset standard value,and the power control algorithm is used to adjust the transmission power according to the comparison result to avoid channel congestion in advance.The simulation experiment results show that this strategy can stabilize the channel occupancy at about 0.6 and the transmission delay at about 30 ms.Compared with the UBRCC algorithm,this strategy can effectively reduce the transmission delay while controlling channel congestion,ensure the reliable transmission of data packets,and meet the requirements of vehicle safety applications.

关 键 词：车联网 负载评估 负载预测 功率控制 

分 类 号：TN915.03[电子电信—通信与信息系统]