余热回收系统对船舶柴油机的适应性分析计算  

Analysis and Calculation on Adaptability of WHR System to Waste Heat of Marine Diesel Engine

作　　者：王蒲伟 赵武 刘乐 冯亮 张婷 梁兴国 WANG Puwei;ZHAO Wu;LIU Le;FENG Liang;ZHANG Ting;LIANG Xingguo(Academy of Aerospace Propulsion Technology,Xi'an 710100,China;Hudong Heavy Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200129,China;SPIC Xi'an Solar Power Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]航天推进技术研究院,西安710100 [2]沪东重机有限公司,上海200129 [3]国家电投西安太阳能电力有限公司,西安710061

出　　处：《船舶工程》2021年第12期92-98,165,共8页Ship Engineering

摘　　要：为研究船舶柴油机排气参数对余热回收(WHR)系统实际运行过程的影响,建立WHR系统工作过程计算模型。对于以动力涡轮和双压蒸汽轮机为动力设备的WHR系统,采用理论分析和数学计算的方法,分析余热锅炉、动力涡轮、双压蒸汽轮机、缸套水换热器和中冷器等部件的实际工作特性。建立各部件内部与部件之间的工作状态函数,完成计算模型的构建,并结合算例对模型的有效性进行验证。结果表明:柴油机排烟温度和压力的变化会对余热利用系统的性能产生不同影响;排烟温度主要影响汽轮机的工作过程,且对系统热效率的影响较小;排烟压力主要影响动力涡轮的工作过程,对系统参数的影响存在非线性;排烟压力对系统热效率的影响很明显,增大排烟压力可显著提升系统热效率。因此,为获得高性能WHR系统,应在设计之初进行合理的柴油机排烟温度和压力参数匹配。In order to study the influence of exhaust parameters of marine diesel engine on the actual operation process of waste heat recovery system(WHR),the calculation model of the working process of WHR system is established.For WHR system with power turbine and double pressure steam turbine as power equipment,the actual working characteristics of waste heat boiler,power turbine,double pressure steam turbine,cooling water exchanger and air exchanger using the method of theoretical analysis and mathematical calculation are analyzed.The working state functions within and between the components are established,and the calculation model is constructed,then verified the calculation model by an example.The results show that the exhaust gas temperature and pressure of diesel engine have different effects on the performance of the waste heat recovery system.The exhaust gas temperature mainly affects the working process of the steam turbine,and has little effect on the thermal efficiency of the system.The exhaust gas pressure mainly affects the working process of the power turbine,and has nonlinear effect on the system parameters.The exhaust gas pressure has obvious effect on the thermal efficiency of the system.Increasing the exhaust pressure can significantly increase the thermal efficiency of the system.Therefore,in order to obtain high performance WHR system,reasonable exhaust gas temperature and pressure parameters should be matched at the beginning of design.

关 键 词：船舶柴油机 余热回收系统(WHR) 参数匹配 

分 类 号：TK121[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]