考虑社会成本的防疫期片区生活物资供应方案  

Supply plan of district living materials in epidemic prevention period considering social cost

作　　者：王文[1] 裴彩月 陈丽芬[1] WANG Wen;PEI Caiyue;CHEN Lifen(Navigation College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学航海学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《上海海事大学学报》2022年第1期78-83,96,共7页Journal of Shanghai Maritime University

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金(2022J01133312);福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JAT210221)。

摘　　要：在重大疫情发生时,考虑防疫期人们的生活物资供应方案所关联的社会成本,从而更合理地进行供应方案的决策,是需要研究的问题。鉴于此,分析防疫期人们的生活物资采购状况、行为和结果,以包括期望医疗和防控费用在内的总成本最低为目标,以供应周期和供应量分别作为离散变量和连续变量建立防疫期片区生活物资供应模型,给出7种变量取值条件下各项成本的表达式和特点。采用实例数据进行计算,结果表明:若条件允许,则应尽量采用较短的供应周期,尽量满足常规需求,但周期越短,缺货时成本变动率就越高;在供应周期不小于物资保质期时,供应量等于保质期内需求量为最优方案。当疾病感染率高、所处片区疫情风险等级高、医疗费用高时,尤其要保障生活必需品的供应满足需求。When a major epidemic spreads,it is a research issue to consider the social cost associated with the supply plan of people’s living materials during the epidemic prevention period,so as to make a more reasonable decision on the supply plan.In view of this,the paper describes the purchasing status,behavior and results of people’s living materials during the epidemic prevention period,takes the minimum total cost including expected medical cost and prevention and control costs as the object,and takes the supply cycle and the supply quantity as the discrete and continuous variables,respectively,to establish a district living material supply model in the epidemic prevention period.The formulae and characteristics of each cost under 7 kinds of variable values are given.The result of calculation on the example data shows that:if conditions permit,a shorter supply cycle should be used as much as possible,and the normal demand should be met as much as possible,but the shorter the cycle,the higher the change rate of cost when out of stock;when the supply cycle is not less than the material shelf life,the optimal scheme is that the supply quantity is equal to the demand within the shelf life period.When the probability of disease infection is high,the epidemic risk level of the district is high,and the medical cost is high,the supply of necessaries for life should be guaranteed especially to meet the demand.

关 键 词：公共卫生事件 防疫期 生活物资供应 社会成本 供应周期 

分 类 号：F252.21[经济管理—国民经济]