农村生活污水土壤渗滤系统处理技术研究进展  

Research progress in treatment technology of rural domestic sewage using soil infiltration system

作　　者：王淞民 张春雪 刘丽媛 曹昊宇 彭皓 魏孝承 郑向群 WANG Songmin;ZHANG Chunxue;LIU Liyuan;CAO Haoyu;PENG Hao;WEI Xiaocheng;ZHENG Xiangqun(Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2022年第2期293-304,共12页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：基本科研业务费(院统筹)-科技创新联盟建设专项(2021年度)。

摘　　要：土壤渗滤系统是一种深度处理农村分散式生活污水的土地处理技术,由于其运行简单、建设成本低以及对污染物去除率高等优点受到越来越多的关注。我国最早于20世纪90年代开始对土壤渗滤系统进行研究使用,目前土壤渗滤系统在我国农村应用十分广泛。本文简述了土壤渗滤系统的概念、污染物(氮、磷、化学需氧量、固体悬浮物和致病微生物)去除机理及其在国内外应用现状,并概括分析了土壤渗滤系统存在的氮去除率低、对环境产生影响(污水渗出、温室气体排放和硝态氮淋滤)和系统堵塞等问题。最后结合国外农村污水治理的成功经验对土壤渗滤系统在我国的发展应用前景进行展望。The soil infiltration system is a land treatment technology that intensely treats the rural decentralized domestic sewage.Due to its simple operation,low construction cost,and high pollutant removal rate,it has attracted increasing attention.Although our country first began to study and utilize these soil infiltration systems in the 1990s,they are still being widely used in the rural areas in China.This paper briefly introduces the concept of soil infiltration system,pollutant removal mechanism(nitrogen,phosphorus,chemical oxygen demand,suspended solids,and pathogenic microorganisms),and its application in our home country and abroad.Additionally,it summarizes the existing problems,such as nitrogen removal,environmental impact(sewage effusion,greenhouse gas emission,and nitrate nitrogen leachate),and system clog.Finally,in combination with the successful implementation of foreign rural sewage treatment,the development prospect of soil infiltration system in China is forecast.

关 键 词：土壤渗滤系统 农村生活污水 氮去除 环境影响 系统堵塞 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]