引起四川彭州大蒜种植障碍(“回苗”)的土壤因素分析  

Analysis of Soil Factors Causing Garlic Planting Obstacle(‘Seedling Death’)in Pengzhou City of Sichuan Province

作　　者：柴丹 余金阳 黄潇慧 帅正彬[1] 杨斌 郭江洪[1] 陈强 CHAI Dan;YU Jinyang;HUANG Xiaohui;SHUAI Zhengbin;YANG Bin;GUO Jianghong;CHEN Qiang(Institute of Horticulture,Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;College of Resource Sciences&Technology,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市农林科学院园艺研究所,四川成都611130 [2]四川农业大学资源学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2022年第3期83-88,共6页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系四川蔬菜创新团队项目。

摘　　要：彭州市是四川省大蒜主产区,蒜头年产量保持在8万~10万t,但近年来出现了明显的种植障碍,主要表现为大蒜“回苗”。本试验分别采集彭州市大蒜种植障碍土壤和大蒜正常生长土壤样品,分析其基础化学性质,同时开展水培试验,旨在探明引起种植障碍的主要土壤因子。结果表明,彭州大蒜种植障碍土壤酸化明显,土壤中交换性酸和交换性H^(+)、Al^(3+)含量显著增加;水培试验进一步证实,土壤浸提液和Hoagland营养液pH是影响大蒜根系生长的主要因素,当培养液pH<5.0时,大蒜根系生长受阻,当培养液pH<4.0时,大蒜根系不能形成。土壤酸化是彭州大蒜种植障碍的主要原因。Pengzhou City is a main garlic producing area in Sichuan Province.The annual head of garlic output is about 80 thousand-100 thousand tons.Recently,there occurred obvious obstacle in garlic planting areas,mainly for‘seedling death’.This experiment collected respectively the soil samples from garlic planting obstacle areas and garlic normal growth areas in Pengzhou City;analyzed their basic chemical properties;and carried out hydroponic experiments at the same time,aiming at finding out the major soil factors causing garlic planting obstacle.The results showed that the soil from garlic planting obstacle areas in Pengzhou City was acidified obviously.The contents of exchangeable acid,exchangeable H^(+) and Al^(3+) in soil increased significantly.The hydroponic experiments further confirmed that the pH of soil extract liquid and Hoagland nutrient solution was the main factor affecting garlic root system growth.When the nutrient solution pH was less than 5.0,the garlic root system growth was suffocated.While,when the nutrient solution pH was less than 4.0,the garlic root system could not form.Apparently,soil acidification is the main reason for garlic planting obstacle in Pengzhou City.

关 键 词：大蒜 种植障碍 根系生长 土壤酸化 

分 类 号：S633.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]