稳定X轴的刀具圆弧Z向补偿差值迭代法  

Difference iteration method of tool arc Z-direction compensationfor stabilizing X-axis

作　　者：陈宝华[1] 吴泉英[1] 唐运海 范君柳[1] 孙毅 沈栋慧 CHEN Baohua;WU Quanying;TANG Yunhai;FAN Junliu;SUN Yi;SHEN Donghui(School of Physical Science and Technology,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China;Graduate Practice Station in Soochow Mason Optics Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215028,China;Graduate Practice Station in Dechuang Measurement&Control Technology Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215009,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学物理科学与技术学院,江苏苏州215009 [2]江苏省研究生工作站苏州苏大明世光学股份有限公司,江苏苏州215028 [3]江苏省研究生工作站苏州德创测控科技有限公司,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2022年第5期594-601,共8页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.61875145,No.11804243);江苏省十三五重点学科项目资助(No.20168765);苏州市重点实验室资助项目(No.SZS201202,No.SZS201611,No.SZS201712);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究重大项目(No.18KJA470004);苏州市科技计划项目(No.SYG202013)。

摘　　要：为了改进自由曲面刀具路径规划中刀具圆弧Z向补偿的计算方法,降低车床克服X轴惯性带来的跟踪误差,提高切削速度和效率,基于超精密车削下的慢刀伺服技术提出一种差值迭代法。以理想刀位点极径和由给定刀触点计算出的实际刀位点极径作差值运算,判断差值是否小于车床导轨分辨率,若低于分辨率,则输出刀位点;若超过,将差值补偿给初始刀触点重新计算补偿刀位点,再与理想极径作差值,此为一次迭代,通过多次迭代,即可完成最终刀位点输出。通过实验分析证明:三次迭代后的刀位点极径即可满足阿基米德螺线渐变,车床X轴稳定进给,同时对Z轴的补偿量较少,加工精度达PV0.226λ@632.8 nm。该差值迭代法无需复杂的方程组求解和曲面拟合,可操作性好,加工精度和效率高。This paper proposes a difference iteration method based on slow tool servo technology to accurately determine the Z-direction of the tool arc as well as the compensation in planning the free-form surface tool path.Further,the proposed approach aims to reduce the tracking error caused by the inertia of the X-axis and hence improve the cutting efficiency.First,the polar diameter of the ideal tool point is compared with that of the actual tool point,which is calculated from the given tool contact,to determine whether the difference is less than the resolution of the lathe guide rail. If the difference is smaller,the toolpoint is adopted. However,if the resolution is exceeded,the difference value is compensated into the initial tool contact,the compensated tool position is recalculated,and the resulting polar diameter is thencompared with the ideal polar diameter. This is an iteration,and the final tool position can be establishedthrough multiple iterations. The experimental analysis proves that the polar diameter and position of thetool point can meet the gradient of the Archimedean spiral after three iterations,after which the X-axis ofthe lathe is fed stably,the Z-axis compensation is smaller,and the final machining accuracy is up toPV0. 226λ@632. 8 nm. The difference iterative method does not require complex equations and surface fitting,making it simple,accurate,and efficient.

关 键 词：光学加工 自由曲面 稳定X轴 Z向补偿 差值迭代 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]