离子液体和低共熔溶剂催化二氧化碳合成有机碳酸酯的研究进展  

Recent progress in synthesis of organic carbonates from carbon dioxide catalyzed by ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents

作　　者：阮佳纬 叶香珠 陈立芳[1] 漆志文[1] RUAN Jiawei;YE Xiangzhu;CHEN Lifang;QI Zhiwen(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering,School of Chemical Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学化工学院,化学工程联合国家重点实验室,上海200237

出　　处：《化工进展》2022年第3期1176-1186,共11页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21776074);上海市自然科学基金(19ZR1412500)。

摘　　要：离子液体和低共熔溶剂因其良好的溶解与催化能力,可催化CO_(2)转化为高附加值化学品。本文综述了离子液体和低共熔溶剂催化CO_(2)转化为有机碳酸酯的研究进展,分析了CO_(2)与醇生成直链碳酸酯以及与环氧化物生成环状碳酸酯的反应机理;介绍了传统型、质子型、功能化离子液体以及由氯化胆碱、季铵盐与季膦盐、有机碱等作为氢键受体组成的低共熔溶剂,及其在CO_(2)转化为直链和环状碳酸酯反应中的催化性能;总结了此两类反应中离子液体和低共熔溶剂设计的基本规律;指出了CO_(2)转化反应中离子液体与低共熔溶剂存在的催化效率低、稳定性不高、后续分离困难等问题,后续研究可结合计算机辅助设计方法,探索更合适的阴阳离子/氢键供受体组合,获得更高效的催化体系。Ionic liquids(ILs)and deep eutectic solvents(DESs)have been widely used in the conversion of CO_(2) to organic carbonates due to their excellent dissolving capacity and catalytic performance.In this work,the progress of CO_(2) conversion to organic carbonates catalyzed by ILs and DESs is reviewed.The catalytic performance of ILs and DESs for CO_(2) converted to dimethyl carbonates and cyclic carbonates and the reaction mechanism are introduced,where the ILs mainly include conventional ILs,protic ILs,and functionalized ILs while the DESs consist of choline chloride,quaternary ammonium salts,quaternary phosphine salts,or organic bases as hydrogen bond acceptor.The basic principles of catalyst design for these reaction systems are analyzed.However,the transformation of CO_(2) to organic carbonates with ILs and DESs are facing the problems of low activity,low stability and subsequent separation difficulties.Therefore,future research could utilize computer-aided design to explore efficient ILs and DESs of new structures.

关 键 词：二氧化碳 离子液体 低共熔溶剂 有机碳酸酯 催化 

分 类 号：O643.3[理学—物理化学]