离子液体电还原CO_(2)合成甲醇过程评价与分析  

Process assessment for electroreduction CO_(2) to methanol in ionic liquid electrolyte

作　　者：常斐 詹国雄 史森森 曾少娟[1,3] 张香平 CHANG Fei;ZHAN Guoxiong;SHI Sensen;ZENG Shaojuan;ZHANG Xiangping(Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory,Huizhou 516227,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院过程工程研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]先进能源科学与技术广东省实验室,广东惠州516227

出　　处：《化工进展》2022年第3期1256-1264,共9页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFA0710200);国家自然科学基金(21838010,21921005,22122814)。

摘　　要：CO_(2)电还原合成化学品因反应条件温和、可利用分布式清洁能源等优势成为国际热点,被视为缓解全球变暖和能源危机的有效途径之一,对该类技术潜在经济及环境效益进行系统评估,可为新技术工业应用提供重要支撑。本文以离子液体电还原CO_(2)制甲醇工艺为例,首先进行概念设计和建模,建立了基于生命周期的工艺经济性及碳排放评价模型,获得了离子液体电还原CO_(2)制甲醇工艺的盈利前景和碳减排潜力。通过灵敏度分析,确定了例如法拉第效率、电费及槽电压等影响工艺经济性的关键技术参数。结果表明,与传统煤制甲醇工艺相比,离子液体电还原CO_(2)制甲醇工艺兼具一定的经济效益与碳减排潜力。在最佳假设前提下,新工艺可节约成本约11.67%。若完全采用可再生能源提供电力,则可实现生命周期内的负碳排放,即每生产1kg甲醇最高可消纳1.29kg CO_(2)。本研究为低碳合成甲醇变革性技术的研发提供了重要参考。Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) to chemicals receives worldwide attention owing to its ambient operation conditions and potentials to utilize distributed renewable energies,and is regarded as an effective strategy for mitigating global warming and energy crisis.Assessment of potential economic and environmental benefits of this novel technology can promote its industrialization.Using the electroreduction of CO_(2) to methanol in ionic liquid electrolyte as a case study,a comprehensive model for evaluating its cost and net carbon emissions based on the conceptual design and simulation was established under life cycle framework.A sensitivity analysis was also conducted to identify key cost drivers,such as faradaic efficiency,electricity cost and cell voltage.The results showed compared with the coal-to-methanol process,this novel process had both economic benefit and carbon emission reduction potential.Under the best technical assumptions,it can save cost by around 11.67%.Meanwhile,a negative carbon emission of up to 1.29kg CO_(2) per kg methanol produced can be achieved if the process is powered by renewable electricity,providing important references for the development of transformative technologies in low-carbon methanol production.

关 键 词：二氧化碳 电化学 甲醇 模型 经济 可持续性 生命周期评价 

分 类 号：TQ9[化学工程]