人口老龄化对公共卫生服务提出的挑战及对策  

Challenges and countermeasures of population aging to public health service

作　　者：程怀志[1] 郭斌[1] 宋佳玮 李玉 CHENG Huaizhi;GUO Bin;SONG Jiawei;LI Yu(Daqing Campus of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学大庆校区,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《医学研究与教育》2022年第1期49-53,共5页Medical Research and Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(71704039);黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费基础研究项目(2017RWZX16,JFCX202101)。

摘　　要：中国正面临老龄化问题带来的巨大医疗挑战。预计到2050年,中国65岁及以上人口将达到4亿,其中80岁及以上人口将达到1.5亿。通过文献综述系统回顾中国人口老龄化演变及现状,从经济学视角分析中国人口老龄化带来的一些公共卫生问题:卫生服务利用不足;卫生费用快速上涨;对护理服务的巨大需求。建议应加强老年人健康教育,扩大护理服务,为其提供个体化护理,并进一步完善医疗保障体系以及构建可持续发展的长期照护保险制度。China is facing a huge medical challenge from its aging problem.By 2050,China's population aged 65 and above will reach 400 million,of which the population aged 80 and above will reach 150 million.This paper reviews the evolution and current situation of population aging systematically through literature review,and analyzes some public health problems caused by China's aging population from the perspective of economic:underutilization of health service,the rapid rise of health costs,the huge demand for nursing service.It is suggested that we should strengthen health education for the elderly,expand nursing service,provide individual nursing care for them,further improve the medical security system and build a sustainable long-term care insurance system.

关 键 词：人口老龄化 公共卫生 卫生费用 护理服务 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]