基于热爆炸理论的铵油炸药高温炮孔耐热行为预测  

Prediction of heat-resistant behavior of ANFO in high-temperature blast holes based on thermal explosion theory

作　　者：郭子如[1] 杜宝强 高中国 霍毅超 宋家旺 段晓兵 何志伟[1] 刘锋[1] GUO Zi-ru;DU Bao-qiang;GAO Zhong-guo;HUO Yi-chao;SONG Jia-wang;DUAN Xiao-bing;HE Zhi-wei;LIU Feng(School of Chemical Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,Anhui,China;Yahua Group Inner Mongolia Kodak Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.,Baotou 014000,Inner Mongolia,China;Inner Mongolia Kangning Blasting Co.,Ltd.,Ordos 017000,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化学工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]雅化集团内蒙古柯达化工有限公司,内蒙古包头014000 [3]内蒙古康宁爆破有限责任公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《工程爆破》2022年第1期107-112,共6页Engineering Blasting

摘　　要：针对目前露天煤矿高温爆破使用铵油炸药情况,为探究高温炮孔中铵油炸药热爆炸临界温度,通过C80微量量热仪对2种铵油炸药进行实验得到热分解动力学参数,运用Semenov与Frank-Kamenetskii热爆炸模型分别对2种炸药在孔深为6 m和10 m、孔径为90 mm和200 mm下进行了热爆炸临界理论计算,并且计算了2种炸药不同温度下的热爆炸延滞期。结果表明:添加5%(质量分数)甲酰胺的耐热型铵油炸药比普通型铵油炸药自加速分解温度SADT高出约60℃;SADT温度随着孔径的增大而下降,Semenov模型中下降了5℃左右,Frank-Kamenetskii模型对孔径的敏感度更高,下降了约10℃,且耐热铵油炸药具有更长的延滞期,其在露天煤矿火区爆破中具有较好的耐热预期。Since the ammonium explosive(ANFO)needs to be used in high-temperature blasting in open-pit coal mines,in order to find the critical temperature of thermal explosion of ANFO in high-temperature blastholes,the C80 microcalorimeter was applied to obtain the thermal decomposition kinetic parameters of two ANFO explosives.Semenov and Frank-Kamenetskii thermal explosion models were used to calculate the thermal explosion critical temperatures of the two explosives at holes of 6 m and 10 m in depth and 90 mm and 200 mm in hole diameter,and the thermal explosion delay periods of the two explosives at different temperatures were obtained.The results showed that the SADT of the heat-resistant ANFO with 5%(mass fraction)formamid was about 60℃higher than that of the ordinary ANFO.The SADT temperature decreased with the increase of the borehole diameter and droping by about 5℃in the Semenov model while by about 10℃in the Frank-Kamenetskii model because of its higher sensitivity to hole diameter.Moreover,the heat-resistant ANFO has a longer lag period,which means a better heat resistance prediction inhigh temperature blasting of the open-pit coal mine.

关 键 词：高温爆破 热爆炸 铵油炸药 延滞期 自加速分解温度 

分 类 号：TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工]