基于磁滞回线的船材退磁过程理论分析  

Theoretical analysis of demagnetization process of ship material based on hysteresis loop

作　　者：刘月林 吴轲娜 周国华[1] LIU Yue-lin;WU Ke-na;ZHOU Guo-hua(College of Electric Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电气工程学院,湖北武汉430033

出　　处：《磁性材料及器件》2022年第1期64-69,共6页Journal of Magnetic Materials and Devices

摘　　要：船材的磁学性能极大地影响着舰船的磁性磁场,而大部分船材是由钢铁构成的铁磁性材料。铁磁性材料的退磁过程是将其原来相对有序的磁畴结构逐渐打乱成为磁畴结构“碎片化”的过程。从磁滞回线的磁化过程出发,依托磁畴理论,利用能量极小原理及临界磁场比较的方法,分析比较了常用退磁方法下铁磁性物质的磁畴角分布,从而在理论上获得了船材进行退磁处理后的磁性状态及其稳定性、船材退磁所需的最大临界磁场,对舰船消磁技术的优化与实现具有一定的理论指导意义。The magnetic properties of ship materials greatly affect the magnetic field of ships, and a lot of ship materials are composed offerromagnetic materials. The demagnetization process of ferromagnetic materials is a process in which an ordered magnetic domain structure is gradually disturbed into “fragments”. Relying on the domain theory of magnetism and the hysteresis loop, the angular distribution of magnetic domain of ferromagnetic materials is analyzed and compared in common ways of demagnetization, which was based on and the principle of minimum energy and methods of comparing critical magnetic fields. Accordingly, the maximum critical magnetic field required for demagnetization of ship materials and the magnetic neutrality and stability requirements of ferromagnetic materials during demagnetization were achieved theoretically, which can provide a reference for the optimization and implementation of demagnetization technology.

关 键 词：退磁 磁畴角分布 磁化 磁矩 磁滞回线 

分 类 号：TM153[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]