分析血常规检验中常见误差原因及解决策略  

The Causes and Solutions of Common Errors in Routine Blood Test Are Analyzed

作　　者：仇爽 QIU Shuang(Department of Laboratory Medicine,Donggang Central Hospital,Donggang 118300,China)

机构地区：[1]东港市中心医院检验科,辽宁丹东118300

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2022年第10期104-106,共3页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析血常规检验中常见的误差原因,并提出解决策略,为血常规检验工作提供参考。方法选取2018年6月至2019年5月144例健康体检者进行血常规检验,包括白细胞计数(white blood cell count,WBC)、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)、血小板计数(platelet count,PLT)、红细胞计数(red blood cell count,RBC)、平均红细胞体积(mean Red blood cell volume,MCV)、红细胞比容(hematocrit,HCT)等参数,分析不同采血时间、室温储存时间、冷藏储存时间以及抗凝血剂浓度对检验结果的具体影响,经医院伦理委员会审核批准。结果不同采血时间方面比较,清晨(8:00)采血与下午(16:00)采血后健康体检者的WBC、PLT比较有明显差异(P<0.05);不同室温储存时间方面比较,室温储存4 h与储存0 h健康体检者的WBC、PLT比较具有明显差异(P<0.05);不同冷藏储存时间方面比较,冷藏储存8 h与储存0 h健康体检者的PLT比较具有明显差异(P<0.05);不同抗凝血剂浓度方面比较,抗凝血剂浓度为1.5 mg/mL与抗凝血剂浓度为2.1 mg/mL健康体检者的MCV、HCT比较具有明显差异(P<0.05)。结论血常规检验通过观察数量变化、形态分布,可以有效判断疾病,如身体是否感染、是否贫血等,可以发现很多全身性疾病的早期迹象。不同采血时间、储存时间、抗凝血剂浓度对血常规检验结果可产生影响,应在适宜的时间进行采血,把握凝血剂浓度,并及时送检,以减少血常规检验结果的误差,助于疾病早期诊断、治疗,提高患者的安全性。Objective To analyze the common causes of errors in routine blood tests and propose solutions to provide references for routine blood tests.Methods Routine blood tests were performed on 144 healthy subjects from June 2018 to May 2019,including white blood cell count(WBC),hemoglobin(Hb),platelet count(PLT),red blood cell count(RBC),mean red blood cell volume(MCV),hematocrit(HCT)and other parameters,analyze different blood collection time,storage time at room temperature,storage time under cold storage,and The specific impact of anticoagulant concentration on the test results was reviewed and approved by the hospital ethics committee.Results Comparing different blood collection times,there were significant differences in WBC and PLT between early morning(8:00)blood collection and afternoon(16:00)healthy physical examination(P<0.05).Comparison of storage time at different room temperature,room temperature.There was a significant difference in WBC and PLT between those who were stored for 4 hours and 0 hour for physical examination(P<0.05).Compared with the storage time under different refrigeration,the PLT of those who were stored for 8 hours under refrigeration and 0 hour for health examination was significantly different(P<0.05).Comparing the concentration of different anticoagulants,there is a significant difference in MCV and HCT between the anticoagulant concentration of 1.5 mg/mL and the anticoagulant concentration of 2.1 mg/mL in healthy subjects(P<0.05).Conclusion Routine blood tests can effectively determine diseases,such as whether the body is infected or anemia,by observing changes in numbers and morphological distribution,and can find many early signs of systemic diseases.Different blood collection time,storage time,and anticoagulant concentration can affect the results of routine blood test.Blood should be collected at an appropriate time to grasp the concentration of blood coagulant,and submit it for inspection in time to reduce the error of routine blood test results,and help early diagnosis and treat

关 键 词：血常规检验 误差原因 解决策略 采血时间 室温下储存时间 冷藏下储存时间 抗凝血剂浓度 检验结果 

分 类 号：R446.11[医药卫生—诊断学]