雷州半岛以东近岸海域浮游动物群落结构与环境因子关系  

Relationships Between Community Structure of Zooplankton And Environmental Factors in the East Leizhou Peninsula Coastal Area

作　　者：黄彬彬 吴风霞[3] 郑淑娴[4] 田丰歌[1,2] 何静 HUANG Bin-bin;WU Feng-xia;ZHENG Shu-xian;TIAN Feng-ge;HE Jing(South China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center,SOA;Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application,Ministry of Natural Resources;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences;South China Sea Institute of Planning and Environmental Research,SOA,Guangzhou 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局南海环境监测中心 [2]自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室 [3]中国水产科学院南海水产研究所 [4]国家海洋局南海规划与环境研究院,广东广州510300

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2022年第2期53-61,共9页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室开放基金项目(FEEL-2020-3);国家自然科学基金项目(41606191)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究雷州半岛以东近岸至浅海过渡区海域浮游动物群落结构与环境因子的关系,探索浮游动物群落动态变化规律。【方法】根据2017-2018年在雷州半岛以东近岸海域四个季节的调查资料,对该海域浮游动物种类组成、丰度、生物量、优势种和群落结构进行研究。【结果与结论】四个季节共鉴定浮游动物208种,浮游幼体23类,隶属于18个类群,以桡足类最多,水螅水母类次之;浮游动物丰度平均值以春季最高(972.11 m^(-3)),夏季(646.86 m^(-3))和秋季(177.27 m^(-3))次之,冬季最低(98.92 m^(-3));春季生物量(485.45 mg·m^(-3))明显高于其他季节,夏季生物量(72.81 mg·m^(-3))最低;不同类群和优势种丰度存在季节变化,春夏季枝角类丰度最高,秋冬季以桡足类为主,鸟喙尖头溞(Penilia avirostris)为春夏季第一优势种,肥胖软箭虫(Flaccisagitta enflata)和精致真刺水蚤(Euchaeta concinna)分别为秋、冬季第一优势种。聚类分析将浮游动物群落在40%相似性水平上分为5个组群,即春季组群1和组群2、夏季组群、秋季组群和冬季组群。相关性分析表明,水深、水温、盐度和叶绿素a是影响海区浮游动物群落结构的主要因素。【Objective】This survey aimed to study the relationships between community structure of zooplankton and environmental factors in the coastal area of east Leizhou Peninsula.【Method】Seasonal sampling was performed from May 2017 to January 2018.The species composition,dominance,abundance,biomass,community structure of zooplankton were analyzed.【Result and Conclusion】A total of 208 zooplankton species with 23 categories of pelagic larvae were identified during the investigation,which belonging to 18 taxa.The copepods were the most abundant group,followed by hydromedusae.The average of zooplankton abundance was higher in spring(972.11 m^(-3))and summer(646.86 m^(-3))than that in autumn(177.27 m^(-3))and winter(98.92 m^(-3)).The biomass of zooplankton was highest in spring(485.45 mg·m^(-3)),and lowest in summer(72.81 mg·m^(-3)).The abundance of different groups and dominant species changed seasonally.Cladocera had the highest abundance in spring and summer,while copepod was dominant in autumn and winter.Penilia avirostris was the most dominant species in spring and summer.They were replaced by Flaccisagitta enflata and Euchaeta concinna in autumn and winter respectively.By hierarchical cluster analysis,the zooplankton community could be divided into five assembles at a similarity of 40%,including spring groups 1 and 2,summer group,autumn group and winter group.Correlation analysis indicated that the water depth,temperature,salinity and chlorophyll a were the main factors influencing the structure of the zooplankton community.

关 键 词：浮游动物 群落结构 聚类分析 雷州半岛 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]