具有高太阳光调节效率的智能窗用可3D打印Si-Al/PNIPAm-AEMA复合水凝胶  

3D Printable Si-Al/PNIPAm-AEMA Hybrid Hydrogel for Smart Windows with High Solar Modulation Efficiency

作　　者：许鑫 庞尔宝 伍泽鑫 王泓中 朱渊杰 王均安[1] 贺英[1] Xin Xu;Erbao Pang;Zexin Wu;Hongzhong Wang;Yuanjie Zhu;Jun’an Wang;Ying He(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200444

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2021年第12期111-120,共10页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：教育部工程科技人才培养研究专项(18JDGC025)。

摘　　要：智能窗可以通过临界温度处的可逆物理相变实现智能响应完成对太阳光透过率的调节,从而达到减少能耗的目的。文中设计了一种可用于智能窗的Si-Al/PNIPAm-AEMA(SAPA)复合水凝胶,其由硅铝胶基质和改性聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺填料组成。硅铝胶基质提供优异的保水性和耐久性,且具备合适的流变性能,使复合水凝胶能根据需要进行3D打印图案化;采用2-氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯盐酸盐共聚改性的聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺微凝胶颗粒PNIPAm-AEMA粒径较大,加强了响应后近红外区域的光屏蔽作用,能提高复合水凝胶的太阳光调节效率。热分析表明,复合水凝胶在60℃的保水率为74.6%,低临界共溶温度为33℃左右;同时紫外可见近红外光谱表明,复合水凝胶智能窗器件的太阳光调节效率(ΔT_(solar))达到77.6%,具有优异的耐久性。流变测试结果表明,复合水凝胶低剪切速率黏度在40~60 Pa·s之间,并具有剪切变稀性能,无需光固化可直接3D打印。与传统智能窗用水凝胶相比,这种复合水凝胶的设计策略兼顾了基体的保水性能、流变性能与填料优异的太阳光调节性能,克服了纯水凝胶智能窗功能材料耐久性差、近红外区域光调节效率一般和图案化过程复杂等缺点,为智能窗及其他智能光学器件的制作提供了新思路。Smart windows can achieve intelligent response to complete the regulation of solar transmittance through reversible physical phase change at the critical temperature,thus achieving the purpose of reducing energy consumption.In this paper,a Si-Al/PNIPAm-AEMA(SAPA)hybrid hydrogel for smart windows was designed.This hybrid hydrogel consists of a silica-alumina gel matrix and a modified PNIPAm filler.The silica-alumina matrix provides an excellent water retention and durability with suitable rheological properties.It enables the hybrid hydrogel to be patterned for 3D printing on demand.The PNIPAm microgel particles PNIPAm-AEMA copolymer modified with 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride has a larger particle size,which enhances the light shielding in the near-infrared region after response and improves the solar modulation efficiency of the composite hydrogel.The thermal analysis shows that the water retention of the hybrid hydrogel is 74.6%at 60℃,and the low critical co-solubility temperature is around 33℃.Meanwhile,the UV-Vis-NIR spectra show that the composite hydrogel smart window device could reach the solar light conditioning efficiency of 77.6%with excellent durability.The rheological test results show that the low shear rate viscosity of the composite hydrogel is between 40~60 Pa·s,showing a shear thinning performance,and can be directly 3D printed without light curing.Compared with traditional smart window hydrogels,this composite hydrogel design strategy takes into account the water retention performance of matrix,rheological properties and excellent solar modulation performance of filler,which overcomes the disadvantages of pure hydrogel smart window functional materials such as poor durability,general light modulation efficiency in the near-infrared region and complex patterning process,providing a new idea for the fabrication of smart windows and other smart optical devices.

关 键 词：智能窗 水凝胶 太阳光调节 3D打印 智能光学器件 

分 类 号：TQ427.26[化学工程]