基于原状土与回填土蒸渗仪的潜水蒸发差异性研究  

Study on the Difference of Phreatic Water Evaporation Between Undisturbed Soil and Backfill Based on Lysimeter

作　　者：胡永胜 胡勇 王兵 周超[1,2,3] 王振龙 HU Yong-sheng;HU Yong;WANG Bing;ZHOU Chao;WANG Zhen-long(Anhui Key Laboratory of Water Resources in Anhui Province,Bengbu 233000,Anhui Province,China;Anhui Water Resources Research Institute,Bengbu 233000,Anhui Province,China;Wudaogou Hydrology and Water Resources Experimental Station,Bengbu 233000,Anhui Province,China)

机构地区：[1]水利水资源安徽省重点实验室,安徽蚌埠233000 [2]安徽省·水利部淮河水利委员会水利科学研究院,安徽蚌埠233000 [3]五道沟水文水资源实验站,安徽蚌埠233000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2022年第3期15-19,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“淮北平原典型砂姜黑土优先流形成机理研究”(51809002)。

摘　　要：为揭示原状土与回填土潜水蒸发之间的差异性,利用五道沟实验站蒸渗仪2017-2019年冬小麦与夏玉米日潜水蒸发试验数据,对砂姜黑土原状土与回填土2种土壤蒸渗仪作物全生育期潜水蒸发量进行了对比研究。结果表明:冬小麦和夏玉米全生育期原状土与回填土潜水蒸发量存在差异,其中2017-2018年和2018-2019冬小麦日平均潜水蒸发量回填土比原状土多0.53 mm/d,2018-2019夏玉米日平均潜水蒸发量回填土比原状土多0.84 mm/d。分别建立了冬小麦和夏玉米全生育期回填土与原状土日潜水蒸发量线性关系,冬小麦为E_(g0)=0.78 E_(g1)+0.041,R^(2)为0.987,线性关系极显著(P<0.01);夏玉米为E_(g0)=0.509 E_(g1)+0.0104,R^(2)为0.944,线性关系极显著(P<0.01)。可以利用回填土与原状土潜水蒸发量关系估算原状土潜水蒸发量。利用蒸渗仪法开展潜水蒸发及蒸散发等要素实验研究,建议采用原状土蒸渗仪。In order to reveal the differences of phreatic evaporation between undistributed soil and backfill soil,a comparative study of phreatic evaporation during the whole growth period in two soil lysimeters for mortar black soil in undistributed and backfill soils was conducted by using daily phreatic evaporation test data of winter wheat and summer maize from 2017 to 2019 at Wudaogou Experimental Station.The results showed that:there were differences in phreatic evaporation between undistributed and backfilled soils during development of winter wheat and summer maize.In 2017 to 2018 and 2018 to 2019,the average daily phreatic evaporation of winter wheat in the backfill soil was 0.53 mm/d more than that in the undistributed soil.In 2018 to 2019,the average daily phreatic evaporation of summer maize in the backfill soil was 0.84 mm/d more than that in the undistributed soil.Linear relationships between daily phreatic evaporation in backfill soil and in undistributed soil were established for winter wheat and summer maize development,respectively.For winter wheat the linear relationship was highly significant(P<0.01)with E_(g0)=0.78 E_(g1)+0.041 and R^(2) of 0.987.For summer maize,the linear relationship was highly significant(P<0.01)with E_(g0)=0.509 E_(g1)+0.0104 and R^(2) of 0.944.The relationship between phreatic evaporation in backfill soil and undistributed soil can be used to estimate the phreatic evaporation in undistributed soil.When using lysimeter method to carry out experimental research on factors such as phreatic evaporation and evapotranspiration,it was recommended to use undistributed soil lysimeter.

关 键 词：蒸渗仪 原状土 回填土 潜水蒸发 差异性 

分 类 号：S271[农业科学—农业水土工程]