南疆骏枣滴灌灌水量对不同生育期生长及土壤水分的影响  

Effects of Drip Irrigation Amount on Growth and Soil Moisture of Jun Jujube in Different Growth stages in Southern Xinjiang

作　　者：宋建峰[1] 吕廷波[2,3] 张波 SONG Jian-feng;LÜTing-bo;ZHANG Bo(Irrigation Center experimental station of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang,China;College of Water and Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Water-saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团灌溉中心试验站,乌鲁木齐830002 [2]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [3]现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2022年第3期98-102,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：兵团节水灌溉试验计划项目(BTJSSY-202006)。

摘　　要：研究南疆和田地区滴灌条件下不同灌水量对骏枣萌芽期、新梢期和花期生长的影响及土壤水分动态变化情况。通过设置5个水分梯度,研究其对南疆骏枣树新稍、叶片、枣吊生长特征及土壤含水量动态变化的影响。灌水量处理为6300 m^(3)/hm^(2)时新稍增长速度最快,枣树叶片长、枣吊长、开花数生长量均较其他处理明显提高。此时萌芽期平均耗水强度最小,开花坐果后期平均耗水强度最大,萌芽期到开花坐果后期总耗水量变化范围为330.88~428.92 mm。试验区土壤(0~100 cm土层)水分存在明显分层现象,其中80~100 cm土层水含量最高、0~20 cm最低。灌水量与土壤水分也未表现出正相关关系,增大灌水量并没有显著提高土壤水含量。在南疆和田地区6300 m^(3)/hm^(2)灌水量处理相对最适宜滴灌条件下骏枣生长。To study the effects of different drip irrigation amount on the growth of jujube at germination,shoots and flowering stages and the dynamic changes of soil water under drip irrigation in Hotan area of southern Xinjiang,in this experiment,five water gradients were designed respectively to study the growth changes of jujube shoots,leaves and hanging under different water gradients,and the soil water content in the first three periods of jujube was measured by drying method.The results showed that the treatment with 6300 m^(3)/hm^(2)irrigation amount had the fastest growth rate,leaf length,hanging length and flowering number of jujube increased significantly compared with other treatments.The average water consumption intensity at bud stage was the lowest,and the average water consumption at late flowering and fruit-setting stage was the highest.The total water consumption from bud stage to late flowering and fruit-setting stage varied from 330.88~428.92 mm.There was an obvious stratification of soil moisture in the test site,which was as follows:80~100 cm soil moisture>20~80 cm soil moisture>0~20 cm soil moisture.There was no positive correlation between irrigation amount and soil water content,and increasing irrigation amount could not effectively improve soil water content.It can be concluded that the treatment with 6300 m^(3)/hm^(2)irrigation amount is more suitable for the growth and development of jujube in Hetian area of southern Xinjiang,and its growth indexes are the best.

关 键 词：骏枣 滴灌 南疆 新稍 枣吊 土壤含水率 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]