小麦赤霉病禾谷镰孢菌生物基增效剂的筛选  

Screening of Bio-based Synergist Against Fusarium graminarum Schw of Wheat Scab

作　　者：张盈 黄文源 魏进 龙家寰 高迪 段婷婷 ZHANG Ying;HUANG Wenyuan;WEI Jin;LONG Jiahuan;GAO Di;DUAN Tingting(Guizhou Institute of Plant Protection,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省植物保护研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2022年第3期47-54,共8页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目“生物基增效剂的筛选与应用示范”[黔科技合支撑(2018)2350]。

摘　　要：【目的】探明苦参、黄岑片、丹参等9种中药提取物对小麦赤霉病菌禾谷镰孢菌(Fusarium graminarum Schw)的敏感性及抑菌活性较高中药提取物与防控效果较好的化学农药复配后对小麦赤霉病菌禾谷镰孢菌的毒力,为小麦赤霉病防控上抑菌活性较好的生物基增效剂的选择提供科学依据。【方法】通过室内毒力测定法,测定9种中药提取物对小麦赤霉病菌禾谷镰孢菌的敏感性,研究抑菌活性较高的中药提取物与防控效果较好的化学农药复配后对小麦赤霉病菌禾谷镰孢菌的毒力。【结果】戊唑醇、丙硫唑和多菌灵与黄岑片提取物不同复配比例对小麦赤霉病菌的EC_(50)分别为2.14~47.88μg/mL、12.01~52.13μg/mL和2.09~26.83μg/mL,与苦参提取物复配的EC_(50)分别为1.94~29.40μg/mL、7.38~48.62μg/mL和2.04~30.96μg/mL,与丹参提取物复配的EC_(50)分别为2.20~24.62μg/mL、13.67~52.41μg/mL和3.32~37.81μg/mL,与黄连片提取物复配的EC_(50)为1.99~23.39μg/mL、12.72~47.94μg/mL和2.20~36.76μg/mL;戊唑醇与黄连片提取物复配除1∶40对小麦赤霉病菌的作用效果呈相加作用,与其余复配比例以及其余中药提取物各复配比例均呈拮抗作用;丙硫唑与黄岑片提取物复配比例为1∶5和1∶40、与苦参提取物复配比例为1∶1、与黄连片提取物复配比例为1∶40时对小麦赤霉病菌的作用效果为相加作用,与其余复配比例以及其余中药提取物各复配比例均呈拮抗作用;多菌灵与黄岑片提取物复配比例为1∶1和1∶40、与苦参提取物复配比例为1∶1和1∶5、与黄连片提取物复配比例为1∶1和1∶5时对小麦赤霉病菌的作用效果为相加作用,与其余复配比例以及其余中药提取物各复配比例均呈拮抗作用。【结论】黄岑片、黄连片、丹参和苦参4种中药提取物作为戊唑醇、丙硫唑和多菌灵的增效助剂时各比例EC_(50)分别为1.94~47.88 mg/L、7.38~52.41 mg/L和2.04~37.81 mg/【Objective】In order to provide the scientific basis for the selection of bio-based synergist with a higher antifungal activity in the control and prevention of wheat scab,the virulence of Chinese traditional medicine extracts with a higher antifungal activity compounded with pesticides with a good control effect against Fusarium graminarum of wheat scab is determined by studying the sensitivity of 9 Chinese traditional medicine extracts(Sophora flavescens,Scutellaria baicalensis,Salvia miltiorrhiza,etc.)against F.graminarum.【Method】Through indoor toxicity determination,the sensitivity of extracts from 9 Chinese medicine against F.graminarum of wheat scab is tested,and the antagonist effect of Chinese medicine extracts with high bacteriostatic activity compound with chemical pesticides that have better control ability on F.graminarum of wheat scab is studied.【Result】The EC_(50) of tebuconazole,albendazole and carbendazim compounded with S.baicalensis extract with different proportions against F.graminarum is 2.14~47.88μg/mL,12.01~52.13μg/mL and 2.09~26.83μg/mL respectively.The EC_(50 )of tebuconazole,albendazole and carbendazim compounded with S.flavescen extract with different proportions against F.graminarum is 1.94~29.40μg/mL,7.38~48.62μg/mL and 2.04~30.96μg/mL separately.The EC_(50) of tebuconazole,albendazole and carbendazim compounded with S.miltiorrhiza extract with different proportions against F.graminarum is 2.20~24.62μg/mL、13.67~52.41μg/mL and 3.32~37.81μg/mL respectively.The EC_(50) of tebuconazole,albendazole and carbendazim compounded with Coptis chinensis extract with different proportions against F.graminarum is 1.99~23.39μg/mL,12.72~47.94μg/mL and 2.20~36.76μg/mL separately.The effect of tebuconazole compounded with C.chinensis extract against F.graminarum with 1:40 ratio is of the additive effect.Tebuconazole respectively compounded with C.chinensist,S.baicalensis,S.flavescens and S.miltiorrhiza with other proportions has the antagonism against F.graminarum.The effect of

关 键 词：小麦 赤霉病 中药材 生物基 农药增效剂 禾谷镰孢菌 

分 类 号：S435.121.45[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S482.91[农业科学—植物保护]