基于GIS的贵阳地区美味猕猴桃种植气候适应性区划  

Climatic Adaptability Regionalization of Actinidia deliciosa in Guiyang Area Based on GIS

作　　者：仲伟敏[1] 张学彬 唐冬梅[1] 杨敬婷 李宗参 秦杰 ZHONG Weimin;ZHANG Xuebin;TANG Dongmei;YANG Jingting;LI Zongshen;QIN Jie(Institute of Fruit Science,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Qingzhen Meteorological Bureau,Qingzhen,Guizhou 551400;Guizhou Designing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550081;Wudang Meteorological Bureau,Guiyang,Guizhou 550018;Guiyang Meteorological Bureau,Guiyang,Guizhou 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省果树科学研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]清镇市气象局,贵州清镇551400 [3]贵州省环境科学研究设计院,贵州贵阳550081 [4]乌当区气象局,贵州贵阳550018 [5]贵阳市气象局,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2022年第3期125-131,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目[黔科合支撑(2016)2528];贵州省科研机构创新能力建设专项资金项目“贵州省精品水果创新能力建设”[黔科合服企(2019)4002];贵州省科技计划项目[黔科合平台人才(2020)1110]。

摘　　要：【目的】通过分析贵阳不同县区气候特点和影响美味猕猴桃生长的关键气象因子,建立区划指标体系,为贵阳地区猕猴桃产业合理规划布局提供科学依据。【方法】基于贵阳地区208个气象站点2000—2020年的气象数据,通过分析影响猕猴桃品质和产量的主要气候因子,采用GIS技术对贵阳美味猕猴桃种植适应性进行区划。【结果】贵阳地区热量、降水、光照均适宜猕猴桃生长发育。以年平均气温、年降水量、≥10℃积温、1月均温、7月均温、日照时数这6个气候因子作为划分贵阳地区美味猕猴桃栽培气候适宜的主要因子,每个指标分4级,对应高适宜、适宜、次适宜和不适宜,美味猕猴桃种植最适宜区位于贵阳地区四周的低海拔区域,适宜区位于贵阳地区中部偏北区域。【结论】贵阳地区均属于猕猴桃种植适宜区,目前实际种植情况与美味猕猴桃气候适宜性区划结果基本相符。【Objective】The climatic characteristics of different counties and districts in Guiyang and the key meteorological factors affecting the growth of Actinidia deliciosa are analyzed to establish the division index system and to provide the scientific basis for the rational plan and layout of kiwifruit industry in Guiyang area.【Method】Based on the meteorological data of 208 meteorological stations in Guiyang area from 2000 to 2020,the main meteorological factors affecting the quality and yield of kiwifruit are analyzed,and GIS technology is used to divide the climatic suitability of A.deliciosa in Guiyang.【Result】The heat,rainfall and sunshine duration of Guiyang area are all suitable for the growth and development of kiwifruit.The six meteorological factors,including annual mean temperature,annual precipitation,≥10℃ accumulated temperature,mean temperature in January,mean temperature in July and sunshine duration,are as the main factors for dividing the climatic adaptability for cultivating A.deliciosa in Guiyang area.Each index is divided into four grades,corresponding to high adaptability,adaptability,sub-adaptability and non-adaptability.The most adaptability area for cultivating A.deliciosa is distributed in low altitude area around Guiyang,while the adaptability area is distributed in mid-north Guiyang.【Conclusion】Guiyang area belongs to the adaptability area for the cultivation of kiwifruit,and the actual planting situation is basically in accord with the result of climatic adaptability division of A.deliciosa.

关 键 词：GIS 美味猕猴桃 气候区划 贵阳 贵州 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]