光束摆动对铝合金激光搭接焊缝成形及组织的影响  

Effect of Laser Wobble on the Weld Formation and Microstructure of Aluminum Alloy Lap Joint

作　　者：芦伟 马旭颐 巩玥 郭路云 Lu Wei;Ma Xuyi;Gong Yue;Guo Luyun(Science and Technology on Power Beam Processes Laboratory,AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航空制造技术研究院高能束流加工技术重点实验室,北京100024

出　　处：《应用激光》2022年第1期9-14,共6页Applied Laser

摘　　要：为减少6061铝合金搭接叠焊接头激光焊接缺陷,采用激光摆动焊接方法,研究光束摆动对焊缝成形质量、显微组织和显微硬度的影响。结果表明:无摆动焊搭接接头焊缝成形粗糙不均匀,焊缝中心存在大量气孔;激光摆动焊接可明显改善焊缝成形,降低焊缝内部气孔率。当扫描幅值为1.0~1.5 mm,扫描频率为100~300 Hz时,激光摆动焊缝成形质量良好,气孔率小于0.6%。与无摆动焊接接头相比,激光摆动焊接头焊缝形状由Y形变为U形,且焊缝区晶粒细化;焊缝柱状晶长度由无摆动时的380μm减小至130μm,等轴晶直径由120μm减小至75μm。激光摆动焊还可提高焊缝显微硬度,焊缝区显微硬度由无摆动时的60 HV增大至65 HV。To decrease the laser welding defects of 6061 aluminum alloy lap joints,laser wobble welding was employed,and the effect of the laser beam wobble on the weld formation,microstructure and microhardness was studied.Results show that the weld formation is instability,and a large number of porosities exist in the center of the weld for the lap joints without laser wobble.By using the laser wobble welding,the weld formation is improved,and the porosities are decreased.When the wobble amplitude and frequency are set as 1.0-1.5 mm and 100-300 Hz,respectively,the weld formation is good,and the porosity is less than 0.6%.Compared to the lap joints without wobble welding,the weld shape of wobble weld joints is changed from Y-shaped to U-shaped,and the grain refinement occurs.The size of columnar crystal is reduced from 380 μm to 130 μm,and the size of equiaxed crystal is decreased from 120 μm to 75 μm.Micro hardness is increased from 60 HV to 65 HV by using laser wobble welding.

关 键 词：铝合金 搭接接头 激光摆动焊接 焊缝成形 显微组织 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]