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作 者:胡涵[1,2] 顾文涛[1,2] HU Han;GU Wentao(Institute of Linguistic Science and Technology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097;School of Chinese Language and Literature,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097)
机构地区:[1]南京师范大学语言科技研究所,南京210097 [2]南京师范大学,南京210097
出 处:《声学学报》2022年第2期276-286,共11页Acta Acustica
基 金:国家社会科学基金重大项目(13&ZD189);江苏高校哲学社会科学优秀创新团队建设项目(2017STD006)资助。
摘 要:个体依恋风格可基于依恋回避、依恋焦虑这两个维度加以定义,并根据其取值高低划分为4种依恋类型。为探究依恋风格对亲密话语语音特征的影响,我们选取12对年轻异性情侣,采用亲密关系体验量表测出各人的依恋回避与焦虑值。通过半开放式的约会剧本,诱导被试产出亲密语气的目标句,再单独朗读这些目标句作为中性话语。基于9个韵律及嗓音参数的线性混合模型分析显示,高回避高焦虑者的基频标准差和基频范围显著低于其它依恋类型的被试,亲密与中性话语在基频均值、谐噪比上的差异受到依恋回避值的调节。进而,对基频动态曲线做广义加性混合模型分析,发现高回避者容易出现亲密比中性话语基频曲线更低的模式,而无论焦虑值高低,亲密与中性话语基频曲线均无显著差异。基于前述9个声学参数,采用5种监督性学习分类算法,能够有效识别4种依恋类型,尤其对高回避高焦虑、低回避低焦虑者的识别率更高,其中基频均值对分类的贡献度最大。研究初步揭示了依恋风格对亲密话语韵律及嗓音特征的作用规律,为依恋系统的情绪调节理论提供了支持。Adult attachment style can be defined on two dimensions of attachment,i.e.,avoidance and anxiety.Based on the high/low scores in the two dimensions,adult attachment style can be classified into four types.To investigate the effects of adult attachment style on acoustic manifestations of vocal conversation in romantic relationships,we recruited twelve pairs of young heterosexual couples and asked them to produce intimate speech on the basis of a series of semi-open dating scenarios,as well as neutral speech by reading the same set of target sentences in isolation.In terms of the Experience in Close Relationship(ECR)Scale,attachment avoidance and anxiety were measured for each participant.Linear mixed models were then conducted to analyze the nine acoustic parameters of speech,including the mean,standard deviation,and range of fundamental frequency(F0),Speaking Rate(SpRate),H1-H2,H1-Al,Jitter,Shimmer and harmonics to noise ratio(HNR).F0 std and F0 range turned out to be lower in individuals with high avoidance and high anxiety than in other individuals.Also,the differences in meanF0 and HNR between intimate and neutral speech were moderated by attachment avoidance.A generalized additive mixed model conducted on the timevarying F0 contours further showed that F0 contours of intimate speech tended to be lower than those of neutral speech in individuals with high avoidance,while no significant difference in F0 contours was found between intimate and neutral speech regardless of the score of anxiety.Moreover,on the basis of the nine acoustic parameters,five kinds of supervised learning algorithms showed effective classification of four attachment types,especially for individuals with both high or both low scores in the two attachment dimensions,and the greatest contribution to classification was from meanF0.In sum,this study revealed the effects of adult attachment style on prosodic and voice quality characteristics of intimate speech,providing evidence to the emotion regulation theory for attachment system.
关 键 词:线性混合模型 动态曲线 焦虑值 声学参数 嗓音特征 依恋类型 依恋回避 半开放式
分 类 号:H0-05[语言文字—语言学] TN912.34[电子电信—通信与信息系统]
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