氯氟吡啶酯对稻田杂草的室内除草活性及田间药效评价  

Greenhouse and field evaluation of florpyrauxifen-benzyl for weed control in paddy field

作　　者：范洁群[1] 温广月[1] 曲明清[1] 王伟民[1] FAN Jiequn;WEN Guangyue;QU Mingqing;WANG Weimin(Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai201106,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院,上海201106

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第2期266-272,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项(2019ZX08013003-006)。

摘　　要：氯氟吡啶酯是美国陶氏益农公司最新研制开发的芳基吡啶甲酸酯类除草剂。为了明确其在水稻田的应用技术,采用温室盆栽法测定了氯氟吡啶酯对稻田主要杂草的防效以及对8个水稻品种的安全性,同时开展了田间药效评价试验。温室测定结果表明,氯氟吡啶酯对鸭舌草、鳢肠、耳基水苋、碎米莎草、异型莎草和稗均有较好的除草活性,对千金子的除草活性相对较差。氯氟吡啶酯对上述杂草的GR_(90)分别为12.8、13.0、13.1、16.0、16.0、26.0 g/hm^(2)和59.1 g/hm^(2)(有效成分剂量,下同)。水稻安全性测定结果表明,氯氟吡啶酯36、45、54 g/hm^(2)于水稻4~5叶期喷施,对供试的8个水稻品种生长安全,未见产生药害症状。田间药效试验结果表明,氯氟吡啶酯13.5 g/hm^(2)对鸭舌草、耳基水苋和异型莎草的防效高达90%以上,防除稻田稗时,需提高使用剂量至27 g/hm^(2)。喷施氯氟吡啶酯13.5~54 g/hm^(2)提高了水稻产量,与清水对照处理相比,增产24.89%~31.90%。综上,氯氟吡啶酯是一个速效、广谱且对水稻生长安全的除草剂品种,在我国稻田杂草治理中具有很好的推广前景和价值。Florpyrauxifen-benzyl is a novel aryl picolinate herbicide developed by Dow AgroSciences.To explore its application in paddy field,greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to determine its efficacy against weeds and safety to rice.In the greenhouse experiments,florpyrauxifen-benzyl had high efficacy on Monochoria vaginalis,Eclipta prostrata,Ammannia auriculata,Cyperus iria,C.difformis and Echinochloa crus-galli,but relatively poor efficacy on Leptochloa chinensis.The GR_(90) values of florpyrauxifen-benzyl to the aforementioned weed species were 12.8,13.0,13.1,16.0,16.0,26.0 g/hm^(2)and 59.1 g/hm^(2)(active ingredient,the same below),respectively.All the tested rice varieties displayed high tolerance to florpyrauxifen-benzyl at the application dose of 36,45 and 54 g/hm^(2).In the field experiments,florpyrauxifen-benzyl at 13.5 g/hm^(2)provided over 90%efficacy on M.vaginalis,A.auriculata and C.difformis.When controlling E.crus-galli in paddy fields,the application dosage should be increased to 27 g/hm^(2).Compared with the untreated control,florpyrauxifen-benzyl at 13.5-54 g/hm^(2)increased rice yield by 24.89%-31.90%.The above results show that florpyrauxifen-benzyl is a herbicide with fast action and broad weed control spectrum,and it has good potential and value for weed management in paddy field in China.

关 键 词：氯氟吡啶酯 水稻 除草活性 杀草谱 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]