干旱胁迫对水稻干物质生产和水分利用率的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress on Rice Dry Matter Production and Water Use Efficiency

作　　者：崔中秋 CUI Zhong-qiu(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding,Tianjin Crop Institute,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市农作物研究所,天津市农作物遗传育种重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《北方水稻》2022年第1期5-11,共7页North Rice

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金18JCYBJC44300;“2018年天津市留学人员科技活动启动项目择优资助计划”的支持

摘　　要：试验供试中日两国水稻品种16个,详细调查了抽穗期前15 d土壤水分胁迫对于干物质生产的影响。处理后的饱和土壤灌溉处理区(C区)干物质重范围在31.9 g~19.2 g/株,干燥处理区(D区)范围在14.8 g~6.6 g/株,C区叶面积范围在2607 cm^(2)~1409 cm^(2)/株,D区范围在1026 cm^(2)~503 cm^(2)/株区间内,均存在显著的品种间及处理间差异。以平均叶面积、蒸腾量/平均叶面积、水分利用效率作为解释变数,以干物质增加量为目的变数进行复回归分析,通过标准偏回归系数推测的贡献率在C区和D区存在差异,在C区贡献率分别为39:34:27,平均叶面积的贡献率最高,水分利用效率的贡献率最低。而在D区贡献率分别为32:32:36,3个特性间相差并不大,相比较C区平均叶面积的贡献率降低,D区水分利用效率升高了。In this study we studied 16 rice varieties in Chinese and Japanese,effects of soil water stress on dry matter production 15 days before heading period were investigated in detail.After treatment,the dry matter weight of irrigated area(C area)ranged from 31.9 g to 19.2 g,the dry area(D area)ranged from 14.8 g to 6.6 g,the leaf area of C area ranged from 2607 cm^(2) to 1409 cm^(2),and the leaf area of D area ranged from 1026 cm^(2) to 503 cm^(2).There were significant differences among varieties and treatments.The mean leaf area,transpiration/mean leaf area and water use efficiency were used as explanatory variables,and the dry matter increment was used as objective variable for multiple regression analysis.The contribution rate estimated by standard partial regression coefficient is different in C and D regions.In area C,the contribution rates were 39:34:27,the contribution rate of average leaf area was the highest,and the contribution rate of water use efficiency was the lowest.However,in D area,the contribution rate was 32:32:36,and there was no significant difference among the three characteristics.Compared with C area,the contribution rate of average leaf area decreased,and water use efficiency increased in D area.

关 键 词：干物质生产 水稻 干旱胁迫 净同化率 品种间差异 水分利用率 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]