林下生态养殖对植被多样性的影响  

Effect of Ecological Farming under Forest on Vegetation Diversity

作　　者：高承芳[1] 陈恩[2] 应朝阳[2] GAO Chengfang;CHEN En;YING Zhaoyang(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,China;Agricultural Ecology Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Hilly Prataculture/Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Environment,Fuzhou 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,福建福州350013 [2]福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所/农业部福州农业环境科学观测实验站/福建省山地草业工程技术研究中心,福建福州350013

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2022年第3期72-76,共5页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22);福建省人民政府,中国农业科学院农业高质量发展超越协同创新工程项目(XTCXGC2021010);福建省农业科学院科技创新团队(CXTD2021015)。

摘　　要：为评价林下生态养殖模式对系统植被多样性的影响,在林下种草生态养殖河田鸡的不同时间段,调查林地内物种种类、数量,测量植被高度、多度等,通过公式计算得出系统内物种丰富度、均匀度等指数,以衡量林下生态养殖系统对植被多样性的影响。结果显示,随着放牧时间的延长,群落内首先消失的是豆科与禾本科牧草,囊颖草(Sacciolepis indical L.)、宽叶雀稗(Paspalum wettsteinii H.)、短颖马唐(Digitaria microbachne P.)、猪屎豆(Crotalaria pallida A.)、鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)等的重要值逐渐减少,而牛筋草(Eleusine indica L.)、狗尾草(Setaria viridis L.)、苦苣菜(Sonchus oleraceus L.)等适口性差的牧草重要值逐渐增加;样地内群落高度、多度显著降低,盖度呈现先下降后上升的趋势;Margalef指数、Simpson多样性指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均随着放牧时间的延长而呈现下降的趋势,而Pielou均匀度指数呈现逐渐上升的趋势。To evaluate the effect of eco-farming on the species diversity of vegetation,the paper investigates the species and quantity in forest and measure plant height and abundance at different grazing time to determine the impact of underforest eco-farming on species diversity.It was found that the legume and grasses were first disappearing in the community,with the extension of grazing time,the importance values of Sacciolepis indica L.Paspalum wettsteinii H.,Digitaria microbachne P,Crotalaria pallida A,Bidens pilosa L.were decreased gradually.The importance values of Eleusine indica L.,Setaria viridis L,Sonchus oleraceus L.were increased gradually.The plant height and abundance in sample were decreased significantly,and the trend of coverage was decreasing first and then rising.The Margalef index,Simpson diversity index and Shannon-wiener diversity index all showed an downward trend with the extension of grazing time,while Pielou-wiener diversity index showed a upward trend with the extension of grazing time.

关 键 词：林下生态养殖 河田鸡 物种多样性 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]