基于纳什议价方法的虚拟电厂分布式多运营主体电能交易机制  

Distributed Electricity Trading Mechanism of Multi-operator Virtual Power Plant Based on Nash Bargaining Method

作　　者：王帅 帅轩越 王智冬 王秀丽[2] 张亮[2] 瞿颖 宋新甫 WANG Shuai;SHUAI Xuanyue;WANG Zhidong;WANG Xiuli;ZHANG Liang;QU Ying;SONG Xinfu(State Grid Economic and Technological Research Institute Co.,ltd.,Beijing 102209,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Company Economic and Technological Research Institute,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]国网经济技术研究院有限公司,北京市102209 [2]西安交通大学电气工程学院,西安市710049 [3]国网新疆电力有限公司经济技术研究院,乌鲁木齐市830000

出　　处：《电力建设》2022年第3期141-148,共8页Electric Power Construction

基　　金：国家电网公司总部科技项目“高比例新能源电力系统网架形态与演化技术研究”(SGXJJY00GHJS2000091)。

摘　　要：伴随着电力市场售电侧的日益开放化,虚拟电厂(virtual power plant, VPP)内不同利益体可通过电能交易提高经济效益。首先,文章针对包含分布式电源的运营商(distributed generation operator, DGO)、云储能运营商(cloud energy storage operator, CESO)以及产消者聚合商(prosumer aggregator, PA)等多种运营主体的虚拟电厂,提出基于合作博弈的多运营主体间电能交易机制,实现VPP总运行成本最小。其次,以各运营主体单独与配电网交易的运行成本作为谈判破裂点,利用纳什议价方法求解各运营主体间的电能交易量与收益转移,维持各运营主体参与合作的积极性。考虑到纳什议价模型的非凸性与各运营主体的隐私安全,将议价均衡问题转换为两个凸的子问题,并采用交替方向乘子法(alternating direction method of multipliers, ADMM)进行求解。最后,通过算例仿真进一步验证了所提方法能有效减少各运营主体的运行成本,为VPP内电能交易机制的设计提供了参考方案。With the power market sales side increasingly open, different stakeholders in virtual power plants(VPP) can increase economic benefits through electricity trading. Firstly, for a type of VPP that includes multiple operating entities such as distributed new energy operator, energy storage operator, and aggregator of prosumers, a cooperative game-based energy trading mechanism among multiple operating entities is proposed in this paper, and the total operating cost of VPP is minimized. Secondly, taking the operating cost of each operating entity’s separate transaction with the distribution network as the breakdown point of the negotiation, the Nash bargaining method is used to solve the electricity transaction volume and revenue transfer among various operating entities, so as to maintain the enthusiasm of each operating entity to participate in the cooperation. Taking into account the non-convexity of the Nash bargaining model and the privacy security of each operating entity, the bargaining equilibrium problem is converted into two convex sub-problems, and the ADMM algorithm is used to solve them. Finally, a simulation example further verifies that the proposed method can effectively reduce the operating cost of each operating entity, and provides a reference scheme for the design of the electricity transaction mechanism in VPP.

关 键 词：虚拟电厂 合作博弈 能源交易 纳什议价 帕累托最优 交替方向乘子法 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]