广东省水稻种质资源系统收集与鉴定评价  

Systematic Field Collection and Identification and Evaluation of Rice Germplasm Resources in Guangdong Province

作　　者：吕树伟 江立群 唐璇 张静 孙炳蕊[1] 刘清[1] 毛兴学[1] 于航 吴柔贤 范芝兰[1] 陈文丰[1] 潘大建[1] 李晨[1] LYU Shu-wei;JIANG Li-qun;TANG Xuan;ZHANG Jing;SUN Bing-rui;LIU Qing;MAO Xing-xue;YU Hang;WU Rou-xian;FAN Zhi-lan;CHEN Wen-feng;PAN Da-jian;LI Chen(Rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding/Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory,Guangzhou 510640;Guangdong Key Laboratory far Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization/Agro-biological Gene Research Center,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所/广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室/广东省水稻工程实验室,广州510640 [2]广东省农作物种质资源保存与利用重点实验室/广东省农业科学院农业生物基因研究中心,广州510640

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2022年第2期412-421,共10页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动(111821301354052029);科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设)(R2018YJYB2002);广东省自然科学基金(2020A1515010189);国家自然科学基金(31901489);广东省重点实验室运行项目(202001212060047)。

摘　　要：2016-2018年“第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动”广东省项目组对省内59个县(市、区)的水稻地方品种资源进行了系统调查与收集,共收集到水稻资源269份,并对其中的261份进行了鉴定评价。调查发现,收集到的水稻地方品种资源基本遍布整个广东地区,在珠三角周边的深圳市、东莞市、中山市和珠海市等4个地级市未收集到水稻地方品种资源。对收集的水稻资源进行农艺性状鉴定,结果表明:收集到的水稻地方品种主要以籼稻为主,鉴定评价获得抗水稻白叶枯病与稻瘟病资源23份(中山12、包选2、银湖香占等)。综合表型性状筛选出海稻86、地禾粘、兰溪选、三饶香米等4份分别具有耐盐、耐旱、高直链淀粉与香味等特性的水稻地方品种资源,对水稻育种种质改良,选育高产、优质、广适的新品种有较高的利用价值。From 2016 to 2018,the project team of Guangdong province of the Third National General Survey and Collection Action of Crop Germplasm Resources conducted a systematic investigation and collection of rice germplasm resources from 59 counties(cities and districts)in the province. A total of 269 rice landraces were collected and 261 of them were identified and evaluated. The rice landraces were collected from almost throughout Guangdong province,with the exception of four prefecture-level cities around the Pearl River Delta:Shenzhen,Dongguan,Zhongshan and Zhuhai,where no rice germplasm resources were found. The agronomic traits of the collected rice resources were identified. The results indicated that the collected rice landraces were mainly indica rice,and 23 rice germplasm resources(Zhongshan 12、Baoxuan 2、Yinhuxiangzhan,etc)resistant to bacterial blight and blast were evaluated. Finally,4 rice germplasm resources with salt and drought tolerance,high amylose and aroma:Hai Dao 86,Di He Nian,Lanxi Xuan and Sanrao Xiangmi,were selected based on the overall phenotypic traits,which had high utilization value for improving rice breeding for high yield,high quality and wide adaptability in the future.

关 键 词：水稻 种质资源 普查与收集 鉴定评价 广东 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]