黑龙江省农业水土资源匹配格局与区域调控  

Matching Pattern and Regional Regulation of Agricultural Water and Land Resources in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：侯淑涛[1] 袁伟豪 陈建龙 王烁 陈瑜琦 李全峰[1] Hou Shutao;Yuan Weihao;Chen Jianlong;Wang Shuo;Chen Yuqi;Li Quanfeng(College of Public Administration and Law,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150030,China;Heilongjiang Research Institute of Territory’s Spatial Planning,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150090,China;Chinese Land Surveying and Planning Institute,Beijing 100035,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学公共管理与法学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省国土空间规划研究院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [3]中国国土勘测规划院,北京100035

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2022年第1期150-157,165,共9页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“多元经营主体参与下黑土区耕地利用转型过程与形成机制研究:以海伦市为例”(41901208);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFD1100103);自然资源部专项业务项目(JCQQ191504-06)。

摘　　要：[目的]揭示黑龙江省市域尺度农业水土资源匹配协调水平及区域差异性,为区域农业水土资源优化配置及农业生产格局提升提供科学指导。[方法]基于2009—2019年黑龙江省13个地市农业水土资源数据,采用基尼系数及农业水土资源匹配系数法,分析农业水土资源空间分布特征及其匹配时空演变格局。依据农业水土资源匹配系数多年平均值划分水源涵养调蓄、水土优化调控与引水节水灌溉3个调控区。[结果](1)2009—2019年间,黑龙江农业水土资源匹配基尼系数由0.488 6降低到0.375 1,整体呈小幅波动下降的向好趋势;(2)农业水土资源匹配系数呈降低—增加—再降低—再增加的态势,波动范围为0.22~0.69。(3)各市域农业水土资源分布不均衡,呈现出西北及中部地区“水多地少”,东部及西部地区“地多水少”的特征。(4)全省农业水土资源匹配协调水平整体上有一定提高,且区域分异显著;东部与西部地区匹配协调水平较低,中部相对合理,西北部较高。[结论]受气候变化和人工调控影响,全省农业水土资源匹配协调水平尚处于较不均衡状态,但通过划分不同类型调控区以及制定差异化调控措施,仍具有一定的调整空间。[Objective]The matching coordination level and regional differences of agricultural water and land resources at the city scale in Heilongjiang Province was analyzed in order to provide scientific guidance for the optimal allocation of regional agricultural water and land resources and the improvement of agricultural production pattern.[Methods]Using agricultural water and land resource data from 13 cities of Heilongjiang Province from 2009 to 2019,the Gini coefficient and the matching coefficient method were used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of agricultural water and land resources and their matching temporal and spatial evolution patterns.According to the average value of agricultural water and land resources matching coefficient for many years,three control areas were determined:water conservation and storage,water and land optimization control,and water-saving irrigation.[Results]①From 2009 to 2019,the Gini coefficient of agricultural water and land resources matching in Heilongjiang decreased from 0.4886 to 0.3751,showing a good trend with small fluctuations.②The matching coefficient of agricultural water and soil resources showed a pattern of decrease-increase-decrease-increase,and a fluctuation range of 0.22—0.69.③The distribution of agricultural water and land resources in each city was not balanced,showing the characteristics of“more water and less land”in the northwest and central regions and“more land and less water”in the eastern and western regions.④The overall coordination level of agricultural water and land resources was improved,and regional differences were significant.The matching coordination level between the eastern and western regions was lower,the central region was relatively reasonable,and the northwest region was higher.[Conclusion]Because of climate change and artificial regulation,the coordination level of agricultural water and land resources in the province is still in a relatively unbalanced state,but there is still an opportunity for adjustm

关 键 词：基尼系数 农业水土资源匹配 匹配格局 区域调控 黑龙江省 

分 类 号：F323.1[经济管理—产业经济] F323.2