长江中下游植被气候生产潜力及其与土壤因子的相关性  

Climatic Potential Productivity of Vegetation and Its Correlation with Soil Factors in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

作　　者：吴义远 董文渊[2] Wu Yiyuan;Dong Wenyuan(Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,P.R.China;Southwest Forestry University)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学林学院,南京210037 [2]西南林业大学筇竹研究院

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第2期53-58,82,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201204103);中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目([2019]TG14号);江苏省研究生科研创新计划(NO.KYCX21-0925)。

摘　　要：根据1951年到2016年长江中下游的气候与土壤数据,采用冗余分析与蒙特卡洛检验方法,分析其气候生产潜力和土壤因子的相关性。结果表明:长江中下游地区近60 a的气候趋向暖干,即气温平均每10 a上升约0.1℃,降水平均每10 a下降34 mm。该趋势导致降水生产潜力呈下降趋势,每10 a的降幅为15.68 kg·hm^(-2),其他生产潜力整体均呈缓慢上升趋势,其中,气候生产潜力平均每10 a上升88.30 kg·hm^(-2),蒸散生产潜力和标准气压生产潜力平均每10 a均上升96.86 kg·hm^(-2)。从分布看,气候生产潜力从西南到东北呈现出递减的趋势;土层厚度、有机质质量分数、全氮质量分数呈现从西南到东北递减的趋势;土壤密度、土壤pH值、速效磷质量分数、速效钾质量分数从西南到东北呈递增的趋势。长江中下游平原不同土壤因子对其气候生产潜力有着不同程度的影响,土层厚度、有机质与气温生产潜力;土壤pH与降水生产潜力均呈正相关性。全氮、速效磷、速效钾与各气候生产潜力均呈负相关性。其中,速效钾是影响长江中下游气候生产潜力的主导因子(P<0.05)。单从气候因子估算长江中下游植被生产潜力存在一定的局限性,还需考虑土壤因子的影响。With the climate and soil data of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from 1951 to 2016, we studied the correlation between climate production potential and soil factors by using redundancy analysis and the Monte Carlo test. The results showed that the climate in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River tended to be warm and dry, that is, the average temperature increased by about 0.1 ℃ per 10 a, and the average precipitation decreased by 34 mm per 10 a in recent 60 a. The production potential decreased by 15.68 kg·hm^(-2) per 10 a, other production potentials showed a slow upward trend as a whole. Among them, the climate production potential increases by 88.30 kg·hm^(-2) per 10 a on average, and the evapotranspiration production potential and standard pressure production potential increase by 96.86 kg·hm^(-2) per 10 years on average. From the perspective of distribution, the climate potential productivity showed a decreasing trend from southwest to northeast;Soil thickness, organic matter and total nitrogen showed a decreasing trend from southwest to northeast, while soil bulk density, pH, available phosphorus and available potassium showed an increasing trend. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain, different soil factors had different degrees of influence on its climate potential productivity. Soil thickness, organic matter and temperature potential productivity were positively correlated, soil pH and precipitation potential productivity were positively correlated, and total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and climate potential productivity were negatively correlated. Among them, available potassium was the dominant factor affecting the climate potential productivity in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River ( P <0.05). It can be seen that there are some limitations in estimating the potential productivity of vegetation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River only from climate factors, and the influence of soil factors

关 键 词：植被 气候生产潜力 土壤因子 相关性 长江中下游 

分 类 号：S716.2[农业科学—林学]