含铬铁水脱磷的研究进展  

Research Progress in Dephosphorization of Chromium-containing Hot Metal

作　　者：苏梁 陈良军 李杰 万勇 SU Liang;CHEN Liangjun;LI Jie;WAN Yong(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Maanshan 243032,Anhui,China;School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学冶金工程学院,安徽马鞍山243032 [2]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第7期213-220,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1960110)。

摘　　要：随着全球矿石的大量开采,优质高品位铁矿石资源逐渐匮乏,价格飞涨,迫使我国大量钢铁企业增大高炉中廉价劣质的低品位铁矿石的配比。其中含铬低品位国产矿、红土镍矿以及铬镍矿等含铬矿的大量配入致使高炉产出大量的普通含铬(w(Cr)=0.2%~1.0%)铁水。另一方面,我国不锈钢产量持续增加,累积了大量的不锈钢废钢和返回料,这些高铬二次资源的利用,也产生了大量高铬(w(Cr)>10%)铁水。进入铁水中的铬元素可显著降低铁水中磷的活度系数,并与铁水中的磷元素争夺氧原子,从而恶化脱磷的热力学条件。另外,氧化生成的氧化铬进入炉渣,会使炉渣粘度升高,恶化脱磷动力学条件。这些因素使得含铬铁水中有害元素磷的脱除变得尤为困难,从而制约了含铬铁水的生产,限制了低品位含铬矿和不锈钢返回料的利用。为了让冶金工作者对含铬铁水的脱磷研究有更加全面深入的认识,并为未来的相关研究提供新思路,本文对含铬铁水的脱磷研究进行了归纳总结,并着重介绍了逐渐被研究者们所重视的普通含铬铁水的脱磷问题、含铬铁水脱磷的造渣研究、脱磷废渣的解毒研究等方面的最新研究进展,最后指出了研究中的不足之处和未来的研究方向。With large-scale mining of ores all over the world,superior iron ore resources with high quality are facing the problems of exhaustion.As a consequence,the price of iron ore is soaring,which forces a large number of domestic steel enterprises to increase the ratio of cheap infe-rior iron ore charged in the blast furnace.Among the inferior iron ore,a great amount of chromium-containing ore such as low-grade domestic ore,laterite ore and nickel ore,is charged in the blast furnace,leading to the generation of a large amount of hot metal containing a moderate concentration of chromium(w(Cr)=0.2%—1.0%).Besides,the production of stainless steel in China continually expands,accompanied by the accumulation of a large number of stainless steel scrap and returning material.The utilization of these secondary resources containing high chromium further generates a mass of hot metal containing high chromium(w(Cr)>10%).The chromium introduced into hot metal significantly lowers the activity coefficient of phosphorus in hot metal and competes for oxygen atoms with phosphorus,thus worsening the thermodynamic conditions of dephosphorization.Moreover,the chromium in hot metal is oxidized and migrated into slag,increasing the viscosity of slag and deteriorating the kinetics conditions for dephosphorization.For these reasons,the removal of harmful element phosphorus from hot metal containing chromium turns to be particularly difficult.This restricts the production of hot metal containing chromium and limits the utilization of low-grade chromium-containing ore and the returning material during the production of stainless steel.To provide more in-depth understanding and novel ideas concerning the dephosphorization of hot metal containing chromium to metallurgical workers,the studies on the dephosphorization of hot metal containing chromium were summarized,and the new research progress(such as the dephosphorization of hot metal containing moderate chro-mium,the detoxification and slag forming of dephosphorization slag)was focused on i

关 键 词：含铬铁水 脱磷剂 选择性氧化 铬损 含铬废渣 

分 类 号：TF701.3[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]