自燃煤矸石山的遥感识别——基于Landsat 8热红外波段地表温度反演数据  

Remote Sensing Recognition of Spontaneous Combustion Gangue Dump:Based on Landsat 8 Thermal Infrared Band Land Surface Temperature Inversion Data

作　　者：李嘉琪 赵艳玲[1] 任河 肖武 LI Jiaqi;ZHAO Yanling;REN He;XIAO Wu(Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Rehabilitation,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)土地复垦与生态重建研究所,北京100083 [2]浙江大学公共管理学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《金属矿山》2022年第3期205-212,共8页Metal Mine

摘　　要：自燃煤矸石山的准确识别和温度影响范围圈定是矿区安全生产、生态修复的关键,煤矸石山自燃过程中表现出的地表温度异常成为其最明显的特征。如何在较大区域尺度快速识别自燃和潜在自燃的煤矸石山,对于自燃煤矸石山治理与防患工作有效开展至关重要。以Landsat 8 TIRS为数据源,利用大气校正法反演获取山西省阳泉市2018年冬季和2019年夏季两天的地表温度,同时利用监督分类法获得的高精度土地利用类型图去除了水体、植被和建筑用地。对得到的包含裸地、煤矸石山的地表温度区域使用阈值分析法,获得了2018年冬季地温异常区域温度范围为11.75~22.12℃,2019年夏季地温异常区域温度范围为32.41~43.31℃。利用已知的42座自燃矸石山进行验证,结果表明:2018年冬季和2019年夏季分别能够识别出的自燃煤矸石山有32座和27座,精度达到了76.19%和64.28%。基于上述提取结果对自燃煤矸石山的影响边界和范围进行了划定,结果表明:自燃煤矸石山的高温影响范围超过500 m。研究结果可为矿区自燃煤矸石山识别提供参考。The accurate identification of spontaneous coal gangue dumps and the delineation of the temperature influence range are the key to safe production and ecological restoration in mining areas. The abnormal surface temperature during the spontaneous combustion of coal gangue dumps has become its most obvious sign. How to quickly identify spontaneous and potentially spontaneous coal gangue dumps on a large regional scale is crucial to the effectively development of governance and prevention work of spontaneous coal gangue dumps. Taking Landsat 8 TIRS as the data source,using atmospheric correction method to retrieve the surface temperature of Yangquan City,Shanxi Province in the winter of 2018 and the summer of 2019,at the same time,the high-precision land-use type map was obtained by supervised classification,and water bodies,vegetation and construction land have been removed. The threshold analysis method was used on the obtained surface temperature areas including bare land and coal gangue dumps,the results showed that the temperature range of the abnormal geothermal temperature in the winter of 2018 was 11. 75~22. 12 ℃,and the temperature of the abnormal geothermal temperature in the summer of 2019ranged from 32. 41 ℃ to 43. 31 ℃. Using 42 known spontaneous gangue dumps for verification,the results showed that 32 and 27 spontaneous gangue dumps could be identified in the winter of 2018 and the summer of 2019,respectively,with an accuracy of 76. 19% and 64. 28%. Based on the above extraction results,the boundary and scope of the spontaneous coal gangue dumps was delineated,and the results showed that the high temperature influence range of the spontaneous coal gangue dumps exceeds 500 m. The above study results could provide a reference for the identification of spontaneous coal gangue dumps in mining area.

关 键 词：矿山生态修复 自燃煤矸石山 Landsat 8 地表温度反演 遥感识别 监督分类 

分 类 号：TD824[矿业工程—煤矿开采] P237[矿业工程—矿山开采]