基于谷歌街景影像的飓风后重建策略对房屋恢复的影响研究--以2018年美国佛州迈克尔飓风为例  

The Impact of Post-Hurricane Recovery Strategy on House Recovery Based On Google Street View Image:Taking Hurricane Michael in Florida in 2018 as the Example

作　　者：翟炜 岳皓宇 白雪音 ZHAI Wei;YUE Haoyu;BAI Xueyin

机构地区：[1]香港浸会大学 [2]华盛顿大学 [3]美国佛罗里达大学

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2022年第1期9-14,共6页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

摘　　要：灾后恢复期是实现提升社区灾害韧性的好机会,然而重建的速度和质量的权衡是一个挑战。以2018年迈克尔飓风侵袭后的美国佛罗里达墨西哥海滩市为例,本研究基于灾后不同时期街景数据来评估不同重建策略对房屋重建速度和房屋出售率的影响,为灾后恢复评估和规划提供了新方法。具体而言,通过使用OLS模型和Logit模型灾后规划提出的韧性提升策略,本研究发现:建筑抬升条例显著地减缓了灾后恢复并且增加了房屋转手销售的几率,然而风荷载加强条例和灾后恢复速度与房屋销售行为之间没有显著的关联。此外,基于街景数据的研究结论对认识灾后重建策略具有参考价值。Postdisaster recovery inevitably involves the tension between speed and quality,which are the two sides of postdisaster recovery.On one hand,speed is the key to ensure local businesses alive and provide short-term and long-term housing for residents and victims.For instance,if it takes two decades for a community to build back,residents and victims may have migrated to other cities.On the other hand,even though expediting recovery is important,it is necessary to spend more time carefully arranging the postdisaster reconstruction.If the community recovers very fast,it may imply that there are not adequate discussions with stakeholders.Specifically,if the local government aims to reduce risk and rebuild homes shortly after the disaster,the urgent pressure can result in ineffective planning,the unexpected increasing long-term vulnerability of damaged areas.That is to say,planning can offer opportunities to enhance the quality of the land use plan and infrastructures,and cooperate with citizens in the rebuilding process.However,if the strategy costs lots of time and money to be implemented,the planning may not work effectively.In this work,it summarizes the dilemma as“speed vs.quality”.Despite the importance of the trade-off between speed and quality,it has not been quantitatively examined in previous studies.More specifically,even though the speed and deliberation issue has been discussed theoretically and qualitatively examined on the city or regional level,the problem has not been examined on the parcel level.Specifically,researchers have developed the concept of“time compression”to theorize how the time-compressed environment distorts the recovery quality from the perspective of capital services.However,the theory has not been empirically demonstrated yet.In addition,researchers have qualitatively examined the tension of“speed vs.quality”based on interviews for postdisaster recovery in Japan and Turkey and analyzed the phenomena on a macro level.However,the results indeed are not explicitly enough for

关 键 词：韧性灾后规划 恢复速度 速度和质量 房屋销售 

分 类 号：TU984.116[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]