茂兰喀斯特森林林窗下木本植物多样性及其驱动力  

Woody species diversity in forest gaps and its driving forces in Maolan karst forest

作　　者：李羽翎 张广奇 杨婷婷[3] 戚玉娇 LI Yu-ling;ZHANG Guang-qi;YANG Ting-ting;QI Yu-jiao(Forestry College of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Forest Ecology Research Center of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Maolan National Nature Reserve Management Bureau in Guizhou,Qiannan Prefecture 558400,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学森林生态研究中心,贵阳550025 [3]贵州茂兰国家级自然保护区管理局,贵州黔南州558400

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2022年第3期444-453,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060266);贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2874);贵州省基础研究计划项目(黔科合基础[2020]1Y124)资助。

摘　　要：喀斯特森林中的林窗多为中小尺度干扰形成的,是木本植物更新的重要场所,探索林窗下木本植物多样性维持及其驱动力对喀斯特退化森林更新及恢复有重要意义。本研究以茂兰国家级自然保护区内常绿落叶阔叶混交林林窗为对象,监测林窗特征,分析林窗下木本植物重要值、α多样性指数,明确林窗特征与植物多样性之间的关系,并分析生境因子对林窗下木本植物多样性的影响及其解释程度。结果表明:对林窗有正向更新反应的树种——香叶树(Lindera communis)与南天竹(Nandina domestica)为优势种;面积较大、处于中年期的林窗有更高的植物多样性;RDA分析结果显示,林窗特征、地形因子、喀斯特小生境对林窗下木本植物多样性影响的总解释率为66.6%,其中,林窗特征的解释率为36%(林窗大小单独解释率达28.2%),地形因子的解释率为23.3%,喀斯特小生境的解释率为1.9%,说明林窗特征是林窗下木本植物多样性维持的主要驱动力。因此,可以通过在喀斯特森林人为形成不同大小的林窗促进喀斯特森林的更新。研究结果一定程度上揭示了喀斯特退化森林天然更新机制。Forest gaps in karst region,commonly formed after median-and small-scale disturbance,are important places where woody species could regenerate and exist.Exploring the maintenance and driving forces of woody species diversity has a great significance.In this study,we investigated the gap characteristics and calculated theα-diversity of woody species in the gaps in the evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in Maolan National Nature,to clarify the relationship between gap characteristics and woody species diversity.We further analyzed the effects of habitat factors on woody species diversity in the forest gaps.The results showed that Lindera communis and Nandina domestica,which had positive regeneration responses to gaps,were the dominant species in gaps.The gaps with larger area and middle age had higher woody species diversity.The accumulating explanatory rate of forest gap characteristics,topographic factors and karst microhabitat was 66.6%.Among which,the explanatory rate of gap characteristics was 36%(gap size alone accounted for 28.2%),that of topographic factor was 23.3%and that of karst microhabitat was 1.9%.The results indicated that gap characteristics were the main driving force of woody species diversity.Therefore,forest gaps with different sizes could be artificially established to promote woody species regeneration in karst forests.Our findings revealed the mechanism of natural regeneration of woody species in degraded karst forests.

关 键 词：喀斯特森林 林窗特征 地形因子 喀斯特小生境 木本植物多样性 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]