法理、功能与逻辑:检察机关提起政府信息公开公益诉讼之省思  

Jurisprudence,Function and Logic:Reflections on the Public Interest Litigation of Government Information Disclosure by the Procuratorate

作　　者：杨严炎[1] 苏和生 YANG Yan-yan;SU He-sheng(School of Law,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学法学院,上海200438

出　　处：《河北法学》2022年第3期2-26,共25页Hebei Law Science

基　　金：2021年度国家社科基金重点项目“推进法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体化建设的民事司法保障制度研究”(21AZD090);2020年度江苏省第五期“333高层次人才培养工程”科研资助项目“政府信息公开司法审查制度研究”(BRA2020274)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：依职权主动公开信息的行政行为具有显著的公益性。在理论层面,对作为复合权利的知情权进行解构分析可知,检察机关提起政府信息公开公益诉讼的法理基础源于,其因保护公民一般知情权、作为典型的客观诉讼而具有公益属性。在法规范层面,通过对当前法律规范的解读可知,《行政诉讼法》、新《条例》中都蕴含着保障信息公开公共利益之核心要义。检察机关提起政府信息公开公益诉讼兼具监督政府机关尽职尽责地主动公开信息及保护公益(公众一般知情权)之双重功能。双重功能的侧重点有所不同,政府信息公开公益诉讼的直接功能在于监督政府机关依法主动公开信息,而由此产生的保护公益之功效实质上是直接功能的辐射作用,即保护公益仅仅是政府信息公开公益诉讼的间接功能。此外,为探析政府信息公开公益诉讼制度的运行逻辑,需要从必要性、现实性及可行性三个层面来把控该制度逻辑展开的方向。The administrative act of actively disclosing information in accordance with its authority has a significant public benefit.At the theoretical level,the deconstructive analysis of the right to know as a compound right shows that the legal basis of the public interest litigation of government information disclosure by procuratorial organs originates from the protection of citizens’general right to know,as a typical objective litigation,which has a public interest attribute.At the level of legal norms,through the interpretation of current legal norms,we can see that both the Administrative Procedure Law and the new Regulations contain the core elements of protecting the public interest of information disclosure.Prosecutorial organs initiate public interest litigation for government information disclosure and have the dual functions of supervising government agencies to actively disclose information with due diligence and protecting public interest(the public’s general right to know).The focus of the dual function is different.The direct function of public interest litigation for public information disclosure is to supervise government agencies’proactive disclosure of information in accordance with the law,and the resulting protection of public interest is essentially the radiation of the direct function,that is,protecting public interest is only the government the indirect function of information disclosure public interest litigation.In addition,in order to analyze the operating logic of the public interest litigation system of government information disclosure,it is necessary to control the direction of the system’s logical development from three levels of necessity,reality and feasibility.

关 键 词：政府信息公开诉讼 行政公益诉讼 检察机关 一般知情权 制度功能 

分 类 号：D926.3[政治法律—法学] D925.3