扎陵湖-鄂陵湖国际重要湿地鸟类群落物种多样性  

Species Diversity of Bird Communities in Zhaling Lake and Erling Lake Wetlands of International Importantance

作　　者：巩匆然 杨东东 李印虎 杨莹 李皑菁 曾晓明 苏丽娜[1] 胡罕[1] 孙雨婷 张威 陈金明 蔡琼 刘艳[1] 李佩韦 张洪峰[1] 吴晓民[1] GONG Congran;YANG Dongdong;LI Yinhu;YANG Ying;LI Aijing;ZENG Xiaoming;SU Lina;HU Han;SUN Yuting;ZHANG Wei;CHEN Jinming;CAI Qiong;LIU Yan;LI Peiwei;ZHANG Hongfeng;WU Xiaomin(Shaanxi Institute of Zoology,Xi'an 710032,Shaanxi,P.R.China;Tianjin Research Institute For Water Transport Engineering,Ministry of Transport,Tianjin 300456,P.R.China;Shaanxi Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710043,Shaanxi,P.R.China;Shengyuan Ecological Technology Engineering Co.Ltd.,Xi'an 710065,Shaanxi,P.R.China;Shaanxi Guanyinshan National Nature Reserve Administration,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省动物研究所,陕西西安710032 [2]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究院,天津300456 [3]陕西省科学院,陕西西安710043 [4]陕西晟远生态科技工程有限责任公司,陕西西安710065 [5]陕西观音山国家级自然保护区管理局,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《湿地科学》2022年第1期15-23,共9页Wetland Science

基　　金：青海省交通运输厅科技项目(2019-08);陕西省科学院项目(Y20D021F18);交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所科技发展基金前瞻性;储备性技术研究项目(KJFZJJ190202)资助。

摘　　要：2019年8月至2020年10月,采用样线法和样点法,在扎陵湖-鄂陵湖国际重要湿地开展了鸟类调查,将调查结果与历史文献资料相结合,对在该湿地分布的鸟类进行了梳理和编目。研究结果显示,在扎陵湖-鄂陵湖国际重要湿地,共记录13目28科77种鸟类,其中,有雀形目鸟类11科23种(占总物种数量的29.87%),有非雀形目鸟类17科54种(占总物种数量的70.13%);有水鸟6目10科35种,占记录的总物种数量的45.45%,其个体数量占全部调查鸟类总个体数量的93.07%;在77种鸟类中,有8种为国家一级保护鸟类,有11种为国家二级保护鸟类;2019年8月鸟类群落的Shannon-Weaver多样性指数(2.67)和Pielou均匀度指数(0.51)都相对最大,即8月鸟类群落的多样性水平相对较高。扎陵湖-鄂陵湖国际重要湿地是中亚鸟类迁徙路线上重要的候鸟繁殖地和停歇地,应该完善该湿地的鸟类监测与保护网络。From August 2019 to October 2020,the bird in Zhaling Lake and Eling Lake Wetlands of International Importance were surveyed by line transects and point count methods.Based on the results of field surveys and previously reported data,the birds distributed in the wetlands were inventoried.A total of 77 species of birds belonging to 13 orders,28 families were recorded.Among the 77 species,23 species in 11 families were Passeriformes,accounting for 29.87%of the total number of species.The other 54 species in 27 families accounted for 70.13%of the total number of species.The 35 waterfowl species belonging to 6 orders and 10 families made up 45.45%of all the species.Waterfowl population made up 93.07%of the total number of individuals.There were 8 species of first-class national protected bird and 11 species of second-class national protected birds.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index(2.67)and the evenness index(0.51)of the birds community in August 2019 were relatively the highest.The Zhaling Lake and Eling Lake Wetlands of International Importance located on the Central Asia migration route is an important stopover and foraging site for migrating birds.Birds monitoring and protection network should be improved.

关 键 词：鸟类群落物种多样性 扎陵湖 鄂陵湖 国际重要湿地 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学]