岗更湖水体的水化学特征和鱼类多样性  

Hydrochemical Characteristics of Water and Fish Diversity of Ganggeng Lake

作　　者：杨富亿[1] 文波龙[1] 李晓宇[1] 杨艳丽 万斯昂 陈凤臻[3] 欧阳玲[3] 宋述芹[3] 赵胜男 YANG Fuyi;WEN Bolong;LI Xiaoyu;YANG Yanli;WAN Siang;CHEN Fengzhen;OUYANG ling;SONG Shuqin;ZHAO Shengnan(Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,Jilin,P.R.China;College of Geography and Enveronmental Science,Hainnan Normal University,Haikou 571199,Hainan,P.R.China;Chifeng University,Chifeng 024000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [2]海南师范大学地理与环境科学学院,海南海口571199 [3]赤峰学院,内蒙古赤峰024000

出　　处：《湿地科学》2022年第1期65-75,共11页Wetland Science

基　　金：内蒙古自治区赤峰学院院士专家工作站项目(cfxyys 201701);中国共产党吉林省委组织部人才团队项目(2016)资助。

摘　　要：岗更湖是达里诺尔湿地的重要组成部分。利用2019年7月的岗更湖水体的水化学和鱼类多样性调查数据,研究了岗更湖水体的水化学特征和鱼类多样性现状。研究结果表明,2019年7月,岗更湖水体的含盐量、碱度和硬度的平均值分别为0.38 g/L、4.22 mmol/L和2.96 mmol/L,Na^(+)浓度与K^(+)浓度的比值、1/2Ca^(2+)浓度与1/2Mg^(2+)浓度的比值、(Na^(+)+K^(+))浓度与(1/2Mg^(2+)+1/2Ca^(2+))浓度的比值和碱度与硬度的比值的平均值分别为9.12、1.60、0.63和1.42;COD_(Cr)和COD_(Mn)质量浓度的平均值分别为67.19 mg/L和17.29 mg/L,总氮和总磷质量浓度的平均值分别为2.057 mg/L和0.132 mg/L,氨氮和正磷酸盐质量浓度的平均值分别为0.257 mg/L和0.052 mg/L,硝态氮和亚硝态氮质量浓度的平均值分别为0.028 mg/L和8.4×10^(-3)mg/L,氮磷比的平均值为5.726;氟化物、氰化物、硫化物、砷元素和挥发性酚质量浓度的平均值分别为1.657 mg/L、2.600μg/L、1.130μg/L、11.140μg/L和1.790μg/L,铬、镍、铜、锌、镉、铅和汞元素质量浓度的平均值分别为0.090μg/L、0.467μg/L、0.435μg/L、3.884μg/L、18.900×10^(-3)μg/L、3.430μg/L和1.380×10^(-2)μg/L;岗更湖有3目5科16属16种鱼类,由6个区系生态类群构成,其与达里湖的鱼类多样性关系密切;岗更湖的湖水为碳酸盐类钠组Ⅰ型水,水体中度污染且中度富营养化,但是岗更湖的水质对鱼类多样性尚无负面影响。Ganggeng Lake is an important part of the Dalinor wetlands.This paper reported the investigation results of hydrochemical characteristics of water and fish diversity of Gangreng Lake in July 2019,and compared the results with the historical investigation,and discussed the influence of the hydrochemical characteristics on fish species diversity of Ganggeng Lake.The means of salt content,alkalinity and hardness of the water of Ganggeng Lake were 0.38 g/L,4.22 mmol/L and 2.96 mmol/L in July 2019;the ratios of Na^(+) content to K^(+) content,1/2 Ca^(2+) content to 1/2 Mg^(2+) content,(Na^(+)+K^(+))content to(1/2Mg^(2+)+1/2Ca^(2+))content,and alkalinity to hardness of the water of Gangreng Lake were 9.12,1.60,0.63 and 1.42 in July 2019;the means of contents of COD_(Cr)and COD_(Mn)were 67.19 mg/L and 17.29 mg/L in July 2019;the means of contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus were 2.057 mg/L and 0.132 mg/L in July 2019;the means of contents of ammonia nitrogen and orthophosphate were 0.257 mg/L and 0.052 mg/L in July 2019;the means of contents of nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen were 0.028 mg/L and 8.4×10^(-3) mg/L in July 2019;and N/P was 5.726.The means of contents of fluoride,cyanide,sulfide,arsenic element and volatile phenols were 1.657 mg/L,2.60 g/L,1.13 g/L,11.14 g/L and 1.79 g/L respectively in July 2019.The means of contents of chromium,nickel,copper,zinc,cadmium,lead and mercury elements of were 0.090μg/L,0.467μg/L,0.435μg/L,3.884μg/L,18.900×10^(-3) μg/L,3.430μg/L and 1.380×10^(-2) μg/L respectively in July 2019.The fish diversity of Ganggeng Lake was composed of 3 orders,5 families,16 genera,16 species and 6 floristic ecological groups,which were closely related to the fish diversity of Dali Lake.Ganggeng Lake was a fresh water lake,the lake water was carbonate saline-alkali and sodium groupⅠwate,moderately polluted with moderate eutrophication,chemical oxygen demand,volatile phenol and ammonia nitrogen were the main pollution indicators,which had no negative impact on fish diversity

关 键 词：水化学 鱼类多样性 岗更湖 

分 类 号：S931.2[农业科学—渔业资源] S932[农业科学—水产科学]