北京市通州区新型冠状病毒肺炎流行初期肺炎病例呼吸道病原流行特征分析  

Detections of major respiratory pathogens in pneumonia patients in early phase of COVID-19 epidemic in Tongzhou,Beijing

作　　者：张国峰 方创森 王艳春[1] 高翔[1] 张冲[1] 甄博珺[1] 张萍[1] 赵凤玲[1] 高洁 周景林[1] 罗宇馨[1] 王建国[1] 李颖[3] 邹林[1] Zhang Guofeng;Fang Chuangsen;Wang Yanchun;Gao Xiang;Zhang Chong;Zhen Bojun;Zhang Ping;Zhao Fengling;Gao Jie;Zhou Jinglin;Luo Yuxin;Wang Jianguo;Li Ying;Zou Lin(Tongzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 101100,China;Cardiovascular Medicine Department,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,China,Beijing 100730,China;Shunyi District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 101300,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心,北京101100 [2]北京医院心内科,国家老年医学中心中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京100730 [3]北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心,北京101300

出　　处：《疾病监测》2022年第1期17-21,共5页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的研究北京市通州区新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)流行初期肺炎病例中主要呼吸道病原的流行情况。方法252例肺炎病例被纳入本研究,采集病例的呼吸道样本(对144例病例同时收集咽拭子和痰液样本)进行32种呼吸道病原的实时荧光PCR方法检测。结果病毒、细菌和肺囊虫的阳性率分别为13.10%(33/252)、50.00%(126/252)和1.59%(4/252)。43例病例呼吸道样本中检出多种病原,混合感染率为17.06%(43/252),其中13例病例为病毒与细菌或病毒与肺囊虫的混合感染,30例病例为细菌与细菌或细菌与肺囊虫的混合感染。患基础疾病和无基础疾病病例中流感嗜血杆菌(χ^(2)=9.557,P=0.002)、肺炎支原体(χ^(2)=7.831,P=0.005)的阳性率差异均有统计学意义。5个年龄组病例中病毒(χ^(2)=16.112,P=0.003)、肺炎支原体(χ^(2)=10.741,P=0.030)的阳性率差异均有统计学意义。144例肺炎病例的痰液和咽拭子样本病毒阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.003,P=0.316),而痰液样本中肺炎链球菌的检出率高于咽拭子样本(χ^(2)=5.533,P=0.019)。结论COVID-19流行初期(2020年1—3月),肺炎病例呼吸道中存在一定比例的混合感染,其下呼吸道样本(痰液)的细菌阳性率高于咽拭子样本。Objective To understand the infection status of major respiratory pathogens in pneumonia patients in the early phase of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic(January-March,2020)in Tongzhou district of Beijing.Methods A total of 252 pneumonia patients were enrolled in this study.Real-time PCR tests was conducted for the detections of 32 pathogens by using the samples from all the patients.Both sputum samples and throat swabs were collected from 144 patients.Results The positive rates of viruses,bacteria,and pneumocystis were 13.10%(33/252),50.00%(126/252),and 1.59%(4/252),respectively.Co-infections were detected in 43 patients(17.06%,43/252),in whom 13 had co-infections with viruses and bacteria or viruses and pneumocystis,and 30 had co-infections with two or more bacterial species or bacteria and pneumocystis.There were significant differences in the positive rates of Haemophilus influenzae(χ^(2)=9.557,P=0.002)and Mycoplasma pneumoniae(χ^(2)=7.831,P=0.005)between patients with or without underlying diseases.The differences in positive rates of viruses(χ^(2)=16.112,P=0.003)and M.pneumoniae(χ^(2)=10.741,P=0.030)were significant among five age groups.No significant difference was found in the positive rate of viruses between sputum samples and throat swabs of 144 patients(χ^(2)=1.003,P=0.316).However,the positive rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae was significantly higher in sputum samples than in throat swabs(χ^(2)=5.533,P=0.019).Conclusion In the early phase of COVID-19 epidemic in Tongzhou,coinfections of respiratory pathogens were detected in some pneumonia patients.The detection rate of bacteria was higher in sputum samples than in throat swabs.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 肺炎病例 流行 新型冠状病毒 呼吸道病原 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R373.1