2013-2019年浙江省腹泻疫情流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of diarrhea in Zhejiang,2013–2019

作　　者：蔡剑[1] 孙继民[1] 丰燕[1] 缪梓萍[1] 秦淑文[1] 陈奕娟[1] 曹艳丽[1] 史俐熠 凌锋[1] Cai Jian;Sun Jimin;Feng Yan;Miao Ziping;Qin Shuwen;Chen Yijuan;Cao Yanli;Shi Liyi;Ling Feng(Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310051,Zhejiang,China;University of South China,Hengyang 421001,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310051 [2]南华大学,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《疾病监测》2022年第1期87-91,共5页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的了解浙江省腹泻疫情的流行病学特征,为疫情的调查处置提供参考。方法收集浙江省2013—2019年报告的有腹泻病例的暴发疫情,分析其发生时间、空间、罹患率、持续时间、病例临床特征、病原学检测等信息,进行描述性分析并比较其差异。结果在851起报告事件中,共发现317起暴发疫情有报告腹泻病例,涉及16种疾病,按事件报告数,依次为诺如病毒性急性胃肠病、霍乱、流行性感冒(流感)、登革热、沙门菌胃肠炎、腺病毒感染、致泻性大肠埃希菌感染、札如病毒性急性胃肠炎、发热伴血小板减少综合征、空肠弯曲菌感染、副溶血弧菌食物中毒、金黄色葡萄球菌感染、疑似预防接种异常反应、食入毒蘑菇中毒、手足口病和水痘。腹泻疫情在3—5月和10—12月各有一个高峰,在浙江省11个市均有分布,其中264起(83.28%)发生在学校。平均罹患率>10%的事件有诺如病毒性急性胃肠病、霍乱、流感、腺病毒感染、沙门菌胃肠炎、致泻性大肠埃希菌感染;平均持续时间>1周的有流感、登革热、腺病毒感染、空肠弯曲菌感染和发热伴血小板减少综合征。病例发生呕吐、腹痛、发热的腹泻疫情分别占87.38%(277起)、71.61%(227起)和65.93%(209起)。结论出现腹泻病例的聚集性疫情包括胃肠道传播和其他传播途径疾病。在疾病监测和暴发疫情调查处置时,应根据临床症状,结合当地传染病流行特征做出科学判断。Objective To understand the types and epidemiological characteristics of diarrhea outbreaks in Zhejiang province,and provide evidence for diarrhea outbreak control.Methods The incidence data of diarrhea outbreaks reported in Zhejiang from 2013 to 2019 were collected.The outbreak time,space distribution,attack rate,duration,clinical symptoms of the cases,and laboratory results were described and compared.Results In 851 reported public health emergencies,317 diarrhea outbreaks were identified,which were caused by 16 diseases or conditions,i.e.acute gastroenteritis caused by norovirus,cholera,influenza,dengue fever,Salmonella gastroenteritis,adenovirus infection,diarrheagenic Escherichia coli infection,acute gastroenteritis caused by sapovirus,severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome,Campylobacter jejuni infection,food poisoning due to Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Staphylococcus aureus infection,suspected abnormal reaction after vaccination,mushroom poisoning,hand foot mouth disease and chickenpox.The annual incidence had two peaks,one was during March-May and another one was during October-December.The outbreaks were reported in all the 11 prefectures(municipality)in Zhejiang.In the outbreaks,264(83.28%)occurred in schools.The outbreaks with attack rate more than 10%were caused by acute gastroenteritis caused by norovirus,cholera,influenza,adenovirus infection,Salmonella gastroenteritis,and diarrheagenic E.coli infection.The outbreaks with average duration of more than one week were caused by influenza,dengue fever,adenovirus infection,C.jejuni infection,and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome.The proportions of the outbreaks in which cases had symptoms of vomiting,abdominal pain and fever were 87.38%(277),71.61%(227)and 65.93%(209),respectively.Conclusion The diarrhea outbreaks were mainly caused by gastrointestinal pathogens,but other kinds of pathogens were also found.For disease surveillance and outbreak response,the epidemiological characteristics of the diseases should be considered beside clinical symp

关 键 词：腹泻 暴发 病原学 流行病学 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R51