2014-2020年广东省不同型别流感病毒季节性流行特征及变化趋势  

Seasonal epidemiological characteristics and dynamic changes of influenza viruses subtypes/lineages in Guangdong,2014–2020

作　　者：谭小华[1] 叶美云 庄雅丽 邓爱萍[1] 杨宇威 张应涛 康敏[1] Tan Xiaohua;Ye Meiyun;Zhuang Yali;Deng Aiping;Yang Yuwei;Zhang Yingtao;Kang Min(Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou 511400,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广东广州511400

出　　处：《疾病监测》2022年第1期108-114,共7页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.82041030);广东省医学科学技术研究基金(No.C2020013)。

摘　　要：目的探讨广东省不同型别流行性感冒(流感)季节性流行特征差异及动态变化趋势,为该省流感的精准防控提供依据。方法收集广东省2014年第36周至2020年第35周6个监测年度每周流感病原学监测数据,采用移动流行区间法(MEM)确定每个年度流行季,分析流感病毒流行季节性特征;采用χ^(2)检验比较分析不同型别流感季节性流行特征及变化趋势。结果广东省流感主要呈现冬春季和春夏季流行,2016—2017年度及之前流行高峰多出现在夏季,2017—2018年度及之后均出现在冬季。分析比较2014—2015年至2018—2019年季节性流行特征,结果显示,0~2岁阳性率最低,随年龄增长,阳性率先上升,7~18岁阳性率最高,然后呈现下降趋势;不同年龄组各型别分布存在差异,A型高于B型。A(H1N1)pdm09亚型和B(Yamagata)系冬季流行,A(H3N2)亚型夏季流行,B(Victoria)系为春季流行。与2016—2017年及之前相比,2017—2018年及之后,7~18岁和19~59岁感染比例上升,而其他年龄组则下降。A(H1N1)pdm09亚型、B(Yamagata)系由春季流行为主变为冬季流行为主,A(H3N2)亚型由夏季为主转为春季多见,B(Victoria)系仍以春季多见。结论广东省在2017—2018年度以来出现冬季流行高峰;不同亚型/系流感流行具有型别特异的流行特征和变化趋势;需持续做好流感病原学监测,以科学精准判定与防控流感流行趋势。Objective To explore the seasonality,epidemiological characteristics and dynamic changes of different subtypes/lineages of influenza viruses in Guangdong Province and provide evidences for precise prevention and control of influenza in Guangdong.Methods Data on weekly influenza pathogen surveillance from the week 36of 2014 to the week 35 of 2020 were collected in Guangdong.The moving epidemic method(MEM)was used to determine annual epidemic period,and characteristic of seasonality were analyzed.The epidemiologic characteristics and dynamic change of different subtypes/lineages of influenza viruses were compared and analyzed withχ^(2) test.Results Influenza mainly occurred in winter,spring and summer in Guangdong.The incidence peaks mainly occurred in summer before and during 2016–2017 and in winter during and after 2017–2018.Based on data of the epidemic seasons from 2014–2015 to 2018–2019,the positive rate was lowest in age group 0–2 years,but increased with age and reached the peak in age group 7–18 years,then decreased.The distribution of the virus subtypes/lineages varied in different age groups,the proportion of influenza A virus was higher than influenza B virus.Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus and influenza B virus(Yamagata lineage)were mainly detected in winter,influenza A(H3N2)virus in summer,and influenza B virus(Victoria lineage)in spring.Compared with results during before and during 2016–2017,the proportions of infections in age groups 7–18 years and 19–59 years increased,while the proportions of infections in other age groups decreased,and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus and influenza B virus(Yamagata lineage)were mainly detected in winter,influenza A(H3N2)virus in spring,but influenza B virus(Victoria lineage)still in spring during and after 2017–2018.Conclusion From 2017–2018 to now,the annual incidence peak of influenza all occurred in winter.Different subtypes/lineages of influenza viruses had specific epidemiological characteristics and trends.It is necessary to continue to stre

关 键 词：流行性感冒 型别 季节性 流行趋势 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R373.1