变量下的决策:朝鲜战争初期美国对华军事策略之争  

The U.S.Debates on the Military Strategy against China in the Early Stage of the Korean War

作　　者：杨彪[1] YANG Biao

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系,200241

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2022年第1期76-81,183,共7页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：国家社科重大项目“大数据时代地缘环境解析的理论与方法跨学科研究”(20ZD138)子课题“多学科的交融互鉴与地缘环境新分析框架”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：朝鲜战争爆发后,新中国与美国的关系陷入了敌对状态.这一阶段美国行政当局与美国军方之间在如何确定对中国的军事策略问题上出现了纷争.尤其是在关于是否将战争扩大到中国本土、是否对中国实施封锁以及是否对中国使用核武器等关键问题上,美国决策层发生了激烈争执.美国行政当局和军方因为不同的战略观念而在对华政策上的争论由来已久,且在朝鲜战争中不断激化.这一时期美国在制定对华军事策略过程中一系列关键问题上的争议及其经验教训,对以后美国决策层对华战略、中美关系的变化和发展产生重要影响.In the early 1950s,with the outbreak of the Korean War,China and the United States became hostile to each other.At this stage,disputes arose between the U.S.administration and the U.S.military authority over how to determine the military strategy against China.The U.S.decision-makers had fierce disputes on key issues such as whether to extend the war to China's mainland,whether to impose a blockade on China,and whether to use nuclear weapons against China or not.The U.S.administration and the military had a long history of disharmony over the China policy.However,the disagreements between them intensified during the Korean War.The U.S.domestic controversy on many key issues,its experiences and lessons in formulating the military strategy against China had a substantial impact on its decision making and the China-U.S.relation in the following years.

关 键 词：朝鲜战争 美国 对华军事方针 

分 类 号：E712[军事—军事理论] E297.5