街区尺度城市气候图绘制方法研究及应用  

Study and Application of Block-scale Urban Climate Mapping Method

作　　者：刘琳 潘鑫沛 刘京 金雷[1] 刘丽孺 高云飞[1] LIU Lin;PAN Xinpei;LIU Jing;JIN Lei;LIU Liru;GAO Yunfei(School of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangdong,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Architecture,Harbin Institute of Technology f Harbin 150090,China;Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin 150090,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学土木与交通工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [3]哈尔滨工业大学寒地城乡人居环境科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《建筑科学》2022年第2期171-180,共10页Building Science

基　　金：高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室(同济大学)开放课题资助(2020030105)。

摘　　要：近年来城市气候图的应用对于气候友好型城市建设具有重要意义。本文以湿热地区广州大学城为例,首先提出了面向街区单元的局地气候分区划分理论,并结合城市冠层模型开发出适用于街区尺度的城市气候图绘制方法。通过应用该方法计算获得了广州大学城夏季典型气象日的动态气候参数,结果显示,研究区域的局地热岛强度变化范围处于-3.58℃到1.41℃之间,并呈现出显著的时空特性。此外,本文量化分析了局地气候分区典型地表形态特征参数与局地热岛强度之间的相关性。结果表明,街道峡谷高宽比、平均建筑高度、建筑密度与局地热岛强度之间呈现出显著的负相关,而天空角系数与透水表面比率对局地热岛强度具有较为显著的正相关。合理配置街区的地表形态特征参数可有效地缓解局地区域的热岛效应,有助于街区尺度的热环境改善,为街区单元的空间规划提供优化策略。In recent years, the application of urban climatic map is of vital significance to the climate-friendly city construction. Taking Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center in the hot and humid area as an example, this paper first proposes a local climate zone classification scheme for block units and then combines urban canopy model with LCZ parameterization to develop a block-scale urban climate mapping method. Through the application of this method, the dynamic climatic parameters of the typical summer weather days in Higher Education Mega Center could be calculated. The results show that the local-scale heat island intensity of the study area varies from-3.58 ℃ to 1.41 ℃ and exhibits significant spatiotemporal characteristics. In addition, this paper quantitatively analyzed the correlation between the typical physical property parameters and local-scale heat island intensity towards each local climate zone. The results demonstrate that there is a significant negative correlation between aspect ratio, the height of roughness elements, building surface fraction and local-scale heat island intensity, whereas the relationship between sky view factor, pervious surface fraction and local-scale heat island intensity displays a significant positive correlation. Reasonable allocation of physical property parameters in block units could effectively mitigate the heat island effect of local areas and help improve the block-scale thermal environment, which would provide optimization strategies for spatial planning and design of block units.

关 键 词：局地气候分区 热岛效应 城市气候图 规划设计 时空特性 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]