毕节烟区土壤氯离子含量状况与烟叶氯素风险评价  

Status of Chloride Ion Content in Tobacco Growing Soil and Risk Assessment of Tobacco Quality in Bijie

作　　者：张龙 张忠启 何轶 彭华伟 王美艳[3] 史学正[3] 孙维侠[3] ZHANG Long;ZHANG Zhong-qi;HE Yi;PENG Hua-wei;WANG Mei-yan;SHI Xue-zheng;SUN Wei-xia(Bijie Tobacco Company,Bijie 551713,China;School of Geographic Surveying and Mapping and Urban Rural Planning,Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou 221116,China;Nanjing Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Soil and Agricultural Sustainable Development,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司,贵州毕节551713 [2]江苏师范大学地理测绘与城乡规划学院,江苏徐州221116 [3]中国科学院南京土壤研究所/土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《土壤通报》2022年第1期97-105,共9页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司科技项目专项(2018520500240064)。

摘　　要：【目的】查明区域土壤氯素含量和烟叶氯素风险可为烟区科学管理提供依据。【方法】本研究基于毕节植烟区2059个土壤采样点,通过经典统计学和地统计学方法,研究了毕节烟区土壤氯离子含量及烟叶氯素风险的空间分布特征。【结果】研究结果表明:土壤氯离子平均含量为29.4 mg kg^(−1),烟叶无氯素风险(20~30 mg kg^(−1))的样点比例仅为12.2%,而低氯风险2级(<10 mg kg^(−1))的比例高达40%,与低氯风险1级(10~20 mg kg^(−1))的比例之和超过60%;烟叶高氯风险2级(>45 mg kg^(−1))与高氯风险1级(30~45 mg kg^(−1))比例之和为26.3%。各县区中,织金县土壤氯离子含量较低,而七星关区含量最高;紫色土和石灰土存在较大面积的烟叶低氯风险区域,而黄棕壤和粗骨土的部分区域存在高氯风险;页岩和碳酸盐岩土壤的烟叶低氯风险较大,而玄武岩和砂岩土壤的高氯风险相对较大。从空间分布看,烟叶低氯风险主要分布在南部和东部地区,高氯风险主要分布在西部地区和中北部局部区域。【结论】毕节烟区土壤氯离子存在较强的空间变异性,烟叶低氯与高氯风险并存,在田间管理时应依据烟叶氯素风险等级科学制定区域氯肥施用方案。[Objective]This study analyzed the content of soil chlorine(Cl)and the leaf Cl risk in order to provide a scientific basis for fertilization in the tobacco area.[Method]Based on 2059 soil sampling points in the tobacco growing area of Bijie,the spatial distribution characteristics of soil Cl−content and tobacco chloride risk were studied by classical statistics and geo-statistics methods.[Results]The results showed that the average content of soil Cl−was 29.4 mg kg^(−1).The area without Cl risk of leaf(20~30 mg kg^(−1))accounted for less than 12.2%,that with the 2nd level of low Cl risk(<10 mg kg^(−1))accounted for 40%,and the total proportion of the area with low Cl risk level(10~20 mg kg^(−1))was more than 60%.The area with high Cl risk accounted for 26.3%of total area.Among the counties,the content of soil Cl−in Zhijin was low,while that in Qixingguan district was the highest.Among all soil types,Purple soil and Lime soil had large areas of low Cl risk,while Yellow Brown soil and Coarse Bone soil had had large areas of high Cl risk.The soil derived from shale and carbonate had higher risk of lower Cl of tobacco leaves,while the soil derived from basalt and sandstone had higher risk of high Cl of tobacco leaves.The area with low Cl risk was mainly distributed in the southern and eastern regions,while that with high Cl risk was mainly distributed in the western and northern regions of Bijie.[Conclusion]There is a strong spatial variability of soil chloride ion in the tobacco growing area of Bijie,and the risks of low Cl and high Cl in tobacco leaves exists together.The Cl fertilizer application scheme at regional level should be scientifically formulated according to the Cl risk level of tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：土壤氯离子 烟叶品质风险 毕节植烟区 

分 类 号：S159[农业科学—土壤学]