冷战后美国对华卫星出口管制政策——从老布什政府到特朗普政府  

The U.S.Satellite Export Control Policy toward China during the Post-Cold War

作　　者：刘子奎[1] 刘晓临 Liu Zikui;Liu Xiaolin

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学世界史系 [2]上海师范大学

出　　处：《美国研究》2022年第1期130-159,7,8,共32页The Chinese Journal of American Studies

基　　金：国家社科重大招标项目“美国防核扩散政策档案的搜集整理与研究(1945-2017)”(项目编号:20&ZD242)的研究成果。

摘　　要：冷战后,中美战略关系的内涵发生了不同于冷战时期的变化。美国开始把中国作为潜在对手乃至主要战略对手,不断加强对中国的出口管制,防止有助于军事力量提高或改善的卫星及相关技术向中国出口。从冷战后美国对华卫星出口管制的结果来看,尽管美国对中国的卫星出口管制确实在一段时间内给中国卫星事业的发展造成了消极影响,但并未能阻止中国卫星事业的发展和进步。中国不仅提高和改进了卫星发射能力,而且独立开发了全球卫星导航系统。美国对中国的歧视性卫星出口管制产生了与预期几乎完全相反的结果。After the Cold War, the connotation of China-U.S. strategic relations showed fundamental changes. The United States regards China as a potential rival and even a major strategic opponent, and has been strengthening its export control toword China to prevent the export of satellites and related technologies that will help Chinese military forces improve. Judging from the results of the U.S. satellite export control toward China, although the U.S. satellite export control toward China did have a negative impact on the development of China’s satellite industry for a time, it failed to prevent the development and progress of China’s satellite industry. China has not only improved its satellite launch capabilities, but also independently developed a global satellite navigation system. The U.S. discriminatory satellite export controls toward China have produced an almost completely opposite result than expected.

关 键 词：美国军事与外交 中美关系 贸易 出口管制 卫星 

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