重庆笋溪河流域河岸带水体-土壤-植物的氮磷特征及影响因素  

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Water-Soil-Plant System in the Riparian Zone of the Sunxi River Watershed,Chongqing

作　　者：孟海 王海燕[1] 侯文宁 赵晗 宁一泓 MENG Hai;WANG Haiyan;HOU Wenning;ZHAO Han;NING Yihong(Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2022年第2期275-282,291,共9页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0505306)。

摘　　要：为明晰重庆笋溪河流域河岸带水体、土壤和植物的氮磷特征及其影响因素,采用描述性统计、聚类分析、相关分析和冗余分析的方法,探讨三峡库尾小流域河岸带水体、土壤和植物的氮、磷含量特征、空间分布和各圈层氮磷的相关性及水体氮磷的影响因素。结果表明:(1)河岸带受河流区段影响,从上游到下游,水体氮磷与土壤全氮的含量先减小后增大,下游存在明显的农业氮输入,而土壤硝态氮、全磷和有效磷与植物氮磷的含量逐渐增加;(2)河岸带水体总氮与植物不同营养器官的氮含量均呈显著正相关(P<0.01),水体总磷与土壤全磷和有效磷均呈显著正相关(P<0.001),且土壤全磷、有效磷均与海拔呈显著负相关(P<0.001);(3)河岸带水体氮磷受土壤氮磷、植物氮磷和地形的影响,其中土壤氮磷为主导因子,且土壤20—40 cm有效磷、0—20 cm有效磷、20—40 cm全磷、0—20 cm全磷和0—20 cm硝态氮的置换检验均达到显著水平(P<0.05),变异解释率依次为25.11%,21.71%,11.14%,8.13%和3.05%。河流区段对河岸带水体、土壤和植物中的氮磷含量有影响,从上游到下游,氮磷含量逐渐积聚,而差异性减小;河岸带水体、土壤和植物中的氮、磷彼此间存在一定的相关性,同时受海拔、坡度和坡向的影响。耕地是造成流域下游农业面源污染的主要原因,需加强中下游河岸带植物防护和堤岸土壤保持的能力及优化河岸带的土地利用结构,为三峡库区小流域农业面源污染控制提供依据。In order to clarify the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus and influencing factors in water-soil-plant system in the riparian zone of the Sunxi River watershed,Chongqing,the descriptive statistics,cluster analysis,correlation analysis and redundancy analysis were carried out to study the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus content and spatial distribution in water,soil and plants in the riparian zone of the small watershed at the end of the Three Gorges Reservoir,as well as to study the correlation between nitrogen and phosphorus in each sphere and the factors influencing nitrogen and phosphorus in water.The results showed that:(1)The riparian zone was affected by the river section.From upstream to downstream,the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in water and soil total nitrogen decreased first and then increased,while the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the plant,soil nitrate nitrogen,total and available phosphorus gradually increased.There existed an obvious agricultural nitrogen input in the downstream.(2)The total nitrogen content in water was significantly positively related to the nitrogen content in different vegetative organs of plant(P<0.01).Total phosphorus content in water was significantly positively related to soil total and available phosphorus content(P<0.001),and both soil total and available phosphorus content were significantly negatively related to altitude(P<0.001).(3)The content of nitrogen and phosphorus in riparian water were affected by the content of soil nitrogen and phosphorus,plant nitrogen and phosphorus and topography,and among them,soil nitrogen and phosphorus were the dominant factors.The permutation test of available phosphorus at soil depth of 20—40 cm,available phosphorus at 0—20 cm,total phosphorus at 20—40 cm,total phosphorus at 0—20 cm and nitrate nitrogen at 0—20 cm were all significant(P<0.05),with the variation interpretation rate of 25.11%,21.71%,11.14%,8.13%and 3.05%,respectively.The river section had an impact on the content of nitrogen a

关 键 词：河岸带 氮 磷 相关分析 冗余分析 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]