南海区第五人民医院2014-2019年839株流感嗜血杆菌耐药模式及流行特点研究  

Study on Drug Resistance Pattern and Epidemic Characteristics of 839 Haemophilus Influenzae Strains in the Fifth People's Hospital of Nanhai District from 2014 to 2019

作　　者：孔燕南 林锦喜 王孔专 陈影芳 奚克勤 Kong Yan-nan;Lin Jin-xi;Wang Kong-zhuan;Chen Ying-fang;Xi Ke-qin(Department of Laboratory,the Fifth People's Hospital of Nanhai District,Foshan 528231,Guangdong Province,China;Department of Nephrology,the Fifth People's Hospital of Nanhai District,Foshan 528231,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南海区第五人民医院检验科,广东佛山528231 [2]南海区第五人民医院肾内科,广东佛山528231

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2022年第7期107-109,共3页Chinese Community Doctors

摘　　要：目的:了解流感嗜血杆菌(HI)的耐药模式以及流行病学特点,为诊疗过程中的抗生素的选择以及院内感染防控提供依据。方法:选取2014年1月-2019年12月南海区第五人民医院检验科检出的流感嗜血杆菌的菌株839株,HI培养采用不加抗生素的巧克力平板,2017年以前使用琼脂扩散敏感试验测定其对抗生素的敏感性,并用头孢硝噻吩纸片检测菌株的β-内酰胺酶,2017年后用法国梅里埃嗜血杆菌和布兰汉球菌药敏试剂盒测定药物敏感性。结果:839株流感嗜血杆菌标本中有834株来自于呼吸道的标本,占总体样本总量的99.40%;来源于男性的标本531株,占样本总量的比例为63.29%,来源于女性的标本308株,占样本总量的比例为36.71%,男、女性别比为1.7:1。年龄分布以儿童居多,年龄12天~11岁,11岁以下占比为83.79%(703株),季节分布以春季最为常见,春季410株(48.87%),秋季最少103株(12.28%)。β-内酰胺酶阳性菌株为253株,阳性率为30.15%。通过药敏试验显示,流感嗜血杆菌对于三代头孢菌素和阿莫西林/克拉维酸敏感,对于氨苄西林和复方新诺明的耐药性最高。结论:南海区第五人民医院流感嗜血杆菌菌株主要来自呼吸道标本,以儿童感染者居多,春季为感染高峰季节,菌株对氨苄西林的耐药性较高,对三代头孢菌素和阿莫西林/克拉维酸保持较高敏感性,可作为临床抗菌药物使用的依据。Objective:To understand the drug resistance pattern and epidemiological characteristics of Haemophilus influenza(HI),and to provide evidence for the selection of antibiotics and the prevention and control of nosocomial infection in the process of diagnosis and treatment.Methods:A total of 839 strains of Haemophilus influenzae isolated from the Department of Laboratory,the Fifth People's Hospital of Nanhai District from January 2014 to December 2019 were selected.HI culture was carried out on chocolate plate without antibiotics.Before 2017,agar diffusion sensitivity test was used to determine its sensitivity to antibiotics,and cefnitrothiophene paper was used to detect its β-lactamase of the strain.After 2017,French Haemophilus Biomerieux and Branhamella susceptibility kit was used to determine the sensitivity.Results:Among 839 samples of Haemophilus influenzae,834 strains were from respiratory tract,accounting for 99.40% of the total samples;531 strains were from male,accounting for 63.29% of the total samples;308 strains were from female,accounting for 36.71% of the total samples;the ratio of male to female was 1.7:1.Most of them were children,ranging from 12 days to 11 years old,those under 11 years old accounting for 83.79%(703 strains).The seasonal distribution was most common in Spring,410 strains(48.87%),and the least in Autumn,103 strains(12.28%).There were 253 strains positive for β-lactamase and the positive rate was 30.15%.The drug sensitivity test showed that Haemophilus influenzae was sensitive to the third generation cephalosporins and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,and had the highest resistance to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole.Conclusion:Haemophilus influenzae strains in the Fifth People's Hospital of Nanhai District mainly come from respiratory tract specimens,and most of them are children infected.Spring is the peak season of infection.The strains have high resistance to ampicillin and high sensitivity to the third generation cephalosporins and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,which can be used as the b

关 键 词：流感嗜血杆菌 耐药模式 流行特点 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]