近十年来中药鞣质的研究进展  

Research progress of tannins in traditional Chinese medicines in recent ten years

作　　者：朱萱萱 白璐 刘晓谦[1] 梁曜华[1] 林丽美[3] 冯伟红[1] 王智民[1] 李春[1] 廖端芳[3] ZHU Xuan-xuan;BAI Lu;LIU Xiao-qian;LIANG Yao-hua;LIN Li-mei;FENG Wei-hong;WANG Zhi-min;LI Chun;LIAO Duan-fang(National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicines,Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Zhuzhou Qianjin Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412000,China;School of Pharmacy,Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410208,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中药研究所中药质量控制技术国家工程实验室,北京100700 [2]湖南株洲千金药业股份有限公司,湖南株洲412000 [3]湖南中医药大学药学院,湖南长沙410208

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2021年第24期6353-6365,共13页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家中药标准化项目(ZYBZH-C-HUN-21);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(ZXKT17039);国家重点研发计划“中医药现代化研究”重点专项(SQ2017YFC170519);北京市科技计划课题——十病十药研发项目(Z171100001717028)。

摘　　要：通过查阅近十年国内外有关鞣质的文献,该文对新分离得到的鞣质类成分进行整理归类,并综述了鞣质的提取分离、药理活性和及体内代谢等方面的研究进展。鞣质的结构类型主要包括可水解鞣质和缩合鞣质2种类型,现代研究表明鞣质类化合物具有抑菌、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、降血糖等药理作用,具有广阔的应用前景。鞣质类化合物一般采用水、乙醇、丙酮提取,分离纯化多用大孔树脂和凝胶柱色谱法,常用的柱色谱填料有Sephadex LH-20、Diaion HP-20、MCI-gel CHP-20和Toyopearl HW-40等。鞣质的结构鉴定一般采用核磁共振波谱(NMR)、快原子轰击质谱(FAB-MS)、圆二色谱(CD)等现代分析技术。鞣质的分离纯化和结构鉴定仍是难点,还需要采用多种高通量筛选方法挖掘其药理活性,并通过体内实验等方法发掘其发挥作用的真正物质基础。In this paper,the newly isolated tannins were sorted after a review of the literature concerning tannins in recent 10 years,and their research progress was summarized in terms of extraction,isolation,pharmacological activity and metabolism.Hydrolysable tannins and condensed tannins are the main structural types.Modern research shows that tannins have many pharmacological effects,such as bacteriostasis,antioxidation,antitumor,antivirus and blood glucose reduction,and have broad development prospects.They are usually extracted by water,ethanol and acetone and isolated and purified by macroporous resin and gel column chromatography.The packings commonly adopted for the column chromatography mainly included Sephadex LH-20,Diaion HP-20,MCI-gel CHP-20 and Toyopearl HW-40.Modern analytical techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR),fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry(FAB-MS)and circular dichroism(CD)are generally used for the structural identification of tannins.Howe-ver,their isolation,purification and structural identification are still challenging.It is necessary to use a variety of high-throughput screening methods to explore their pharmacological activities and to explore the material basis responsible for their functions through experiments in vivo.

关 键 词：鞣质 化学成分 提取分离 抗肿瘤 抗病毒 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学]